The aim of the present research was to compare the communities of oribatid mites (Oribatida) on the plantations of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) and blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) as well as to define the effect of mi-croirrigation on those Acari. The experiment was performed in degraded Phaeozems formed from sand, on shallow-deposited sand in Kruszyn Krajeński in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz. The soil reaction was slightly acid or acid and the differences in the acidity between chokeberry and blackcurrant were inconsiderable. The abundance of oribatid mites on chokeberry and blackcurrant plantations ranged from 3110 to 5290 individuals • m-2 and it was much higher, as compared with the neighbouring set-aside. The density of Oribatida on blackcurrant plantation was clearly higher than in chokeberry; however there was recorded no significant effect of the type of irrigation on the density. In total on both plantations there were reported 31 species of oribatid mites; mean species number s in blackcurrant was higher than in chokeberry. The dominance structure of oribatid mites on the chokeberry plantation was more even than in blackcurrant and in Tectocepheus velatus communities dominated mostly. The species preferred the blackcurrant plantation and irrigation stimulated its abundance. Chamobates schutzii, an ...
Celem badań było określenie liczebności i składu grupowego roztoczy (Acari) oraz składu gatunkowego mechowców (Oribatida) w rizoboksach, w których rosły jabłonie odmian „Topaz" i „Ariwa", a także zbadanie potencjalnego wpływu zastosowanych w doświadczeniu biopreparatów na akarofaunę. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w latach 2011-2012 na bazie doświadczenia szklarniowego założonego w 2009 roku w Instytucie Ogrodnictwa w Skierniewicach szczepionych na podkładce M-26. Badania akarologiczne prowadzone były w rizoboksach w następującym układzie wariantów: C - kontrola (bez nawożenia), N - nawożenie mineralne (standardowe nawożenie mineralne NPK, w dawkach 70/60/120 kg składnika na ha), O - nawożenie obornikiem (dawka 30 t/ha), M - aplikacja biopreparatu Mycosat (20 g/roślinę + ½ dawki obornika, 2,5 g na rizoboks), H - aplikacja biopreparatu Humus Active 2% + Aktywit PM 1%. Średnia ogólna liczebność roztoczy w poszczególnych wariantach doświadczenia była dość wyrównana i wahała się w zakresie od 10,70 (w wariancie C) do 12,97 tys. osobn. ∙ m-2 w wariancie z nawożeniem mineralnym. W zbadanym materiale w hierarchii zgrupowań roztoczy bardzo wyraźnie dominowały mechowce, które stanowiły od 73,9 do 91,2% tych stawonogów. Najniższy ich udział stwierdzono w rizoboksach kontrolnych, a najwyższy z aplikacją biopreparatu Humus Active + Aktywit PM (H). Ogółem odnotowano występowanie 6 gatunków mechowców. Najmniejszą liczbę ...
Celem badań było określenie liczebności i składu grupowego roztoczy (Acari) oraz składu gatunkowego mechowców (Oribatida) w ściółkowanej zrębkami uprawie truskawki. Badania terenowe przeprowadzono w Sadzie Doświadczalnym Instytutu Ogrodnictwa w Skierniewicach w latach 2011-2012. Do badań wybrano powierzchnie ściółkowane zrębkami: ZC - zrębki bez dodatków, ZT - zrębki z dodatkiem biopreparatu TSB (niezidentyfikowana pałeczka Gram-ujemna), ZG - dodatek biopreparatu 7GII (niezidentyfikowany promieniowiec). Powierzchnią kontrolną był leżący w pobliżu poletek płat murawy z przewagą traw.Na badanym terenie najliczniejszymi roztoczami były mechowce - 16,11-18,84 tys. osobn. ∙ m-2. Ich udział w zgrupowaniu roztoczy w płacie murawy wynosił 64,3%, a wyraźnie wyższy (86,8-89,5%) był w ściółkowanej zrębkami uprawie truskawki. W uprawie truskawki stwierdzono ogółem 17 gatunków mechowców, a w pobliskim płacie murawy zaledwie 9. W glebie murawy dominował Punctoribates punctum, a w truskawce (w zależności od wariantu doświadczenia) Ramusella mihelcici lub Tectocepheus velatus.Odnotowana w niniejszych badaniach wysoka liczebność i różnorodność gatunkowa mechowców wynika z zabiegu ściółkowania, a zastosowane w doświadczeniu biopreparaty nie miały wpływu na te wskaźniki. Mulczowanie zrębkami poprawiło warunki mikroklimatyczne, zabezpieczyło glebę przed nadmiernym przesychaniem oraz dostarczyło materii organicznej niezbędnej do życia saprofagów i rozwoju mikroorganizmów (bakterii i grzybów), które są też ważnym elementem diety mechowców. Liczne występowanie roztoczy glebowych może mieć ...
Badania zostały przeprowadzone w Sadzie Doświadczalnym Instytutu Ogrodnictwa w Skierniewicach w latach 2011-2012. Dynamikę występowania roztoczy (Acari), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem mechowców (Oribatida), oceniano wiosną latem i jesienią w płacie murawy oraz rzędach truskawki ściółkowanej zrębkami.W ściółkowanej uprawie truskawki już na początku badań stwierdzono wysoką liczebność roztoczy - 26,91 tys. osobn. · m-2. Wśród tych pajęczaków wyraźnie dominowały mechowce (98,2%). W zrębkach zagęszczenie roztoczy, a szczególnie mechowców, w trakcie sezonu wegetacyjnego było bardziej wyrównane niż w płacie murawy. Zastosowana w doświadczeniu ściółka stworzyła korzystne warunki środowiskowe dla rozwoju większości mechowców.Na plantacji truskawki stwierdzono występowanie 12 gatunków mechowców, a w pobliskim płacie murawy było ich 9. W glebie płata murawy w kolejnych terminach badań liczba gatunków tych roztoczy wahała się od 5 do 8. W zrębkach natomiast na początku badań stwierdzono 7 taksonów, a pod koniec cyklu liczba ta wzrosła do 11. Różnice w różnorodności gatunkowej mechowców, obliczone za pomocą wskaźnika s, pomiędzy początkiem a końcem cyklu badań były istotne statystycznie.W ściółkowanej zrębkami uprawie truskawki, w zależności od terminu badań dominowały następujące mechowce: Ramusella mihelcici - 1., 2. i 4.; Tectocepheus velatus - 3. i 5. oraz Scutovertex sculptus w 6. terminie. Gatunkiem wyraźnie dominującym w płacie murawy (D = 41,4-75,5%) ...
This paper analyzed seasonal dynamics of mite (Acari) aggregations, with particular attention to oribatid mites (Oribatida), in two different substrates intended for soil regeneration - shredded forest litter from Scots pine forest and pine wood chips. The study was conducted in the years 2011-2012, on microplots established within a belt of trees in a nursery in Białe Błota (Bydgoszcz Forest District). To maintain optimum moisture content, the microplots were hydrated by micro sprinklers as per the guidelines and schedule for the irrigation of nurseries, and mean soil moisture was kept at the level of 5.1-9.9 %. The mites were classified into orders and oribatid mites into species or genera, with regard to juvenile stages. A total of 4,142 mites were determined, including 2,939 oribatid mites.Mite density in the shredded forest litter, intended mainly for soil inoculation with edaphon, was similar in the initial and final period of the study. Mite density in the pine wood chips, intended for mulching degraded soils and providing optimal conditions for mesofauna development, increased over two years of the study. Oribatid mites were the most abundant mites in the analyzed samples. Mean number of their species s in the forest litter was comparable at the ...
The study was conducted in 2011-2012 by using litter bags on microplots in a forest soil under a canopy of trees, in optimal environmental conditions for most mites. The aim of the study was to analyze the colonization by mites of wood chips after application of two biopreparations containing cellulose-degrading bacteria. The experiment was conducted in the following variants: WC - control wood chips, WB I - chips after application of bacterial inoculum I (an unidentified G(-) rod-bacterium, Bacillus sp.) and WB II - chips after application of bacterial inoculum II (Streptomyces sp.). To maintain the optimum moisture level, the microplots were irrigated by means of microsprinklers. The highest average population density of mites in the two-year series of tests was found in the control chips: 42.28 individuals per 50 cm3. In the chips treated with the biopreparations, the density of these arthropods was lower, but the differences were not statistically significant. Dominant among the mites were mostly oribatid mites. Altogether, 34 species of oribatid mites were found in all the experimental variants. The most species (30) were found in the control variant, and fewer in the chips treated with the biopreparations - 27-26. Among the oribatid mites, Tectocepheus velatus ...
The study was conducted in the Pomological Orchard of the Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice on a plantation of blackcurrant cultivar ‘Tiben'. The following variants of the experiment were applied: control - NPK fertilization only, mulching with a peat substrate, shredded pine bark, sawdust of coniferous trees, bovine manure, plant compost, straw of cereals, and application of mycorrhizal inoculant MYKOFLOR. Mulching was performed each year in the spring in an amount of 25 dm3 per plot, and the inoculum was applied in an amount of 10 ml per shrub. Samples for acarological examinations were collected at 4 times, in the spring and autumn of successive seasons in 2012-2013. An increase in the overall density of mites, in comparison with the control surface, was observed after mulching the soil with sawdust of coniferous trees and plant compost. On all the plots, the communities of mites were dominated by mites of the order oribatid mites. For these mites, a statistically significant increase density was recorded after mulching the soil with sawdust of coniferous trees, bovine manure and plant compost. Mulching did not increase significantly the species diversity of oribatid mites. The soil of the blackcurrant plantation was found to be inhabited ...
The aim of the study was to analyze the presence of mites (Acari), with special focus on indicator oribatid mites (Oribatida), in control pine wood chips and pine wood chips enriched with peat and lignite inoculated with forest litter and irrigated. The study was conducted in 2013 on microplots (1 x 1 m) located within a belt of trees in a nursery in Białe Błota. The experiments included the following variants: C - pine wood chips, Ec - pine wood chips inoculated with forest litter, Ec+Pe - pine wood chips enriched with deacidified high peat (20%) (pH 5.5-6.5) and inoculated with forest litter, Ec+Ca - pine wood chips enriched with granulated lignite (20%) (granule size 1-10 mm) inoculated with forest litter.The addition of forest litter caused an increase in total number of mites in the control pine wood chips and those enriched with peat. Mites belonging to Mesostigmata order prevailed in control chips and those enriched with forest litter and peat, while Oribatida were dominant mites in the other variants. Considering the results for the entire year, 20% addition of peat and lignite negatively affected the presence of oribatid mites, thus indicating a reduced biological activity of the substrates. The ...
The aim of this study was to compare colonization of pine chips without supplements and pine chips supplemented with forest litter, peat and lignite by mites (Acari), and particularly oribatid mites (Oribatida) in a two-year cycle. The study was conducted in the years 2013-2014, on microplots established in a belt of trees in a nursery in Białe Błota within Bydgoszcz Forest District. The experiment was established on four microplots (1 x 1 m). It included the following variants: C - pine chips alone, Lf - pine chips inoculated with fresh forest litter, Lf+Pe - pine chips enriched with deacidified high peat (20%) (pH 5.5-6.5) and inoculated with the litter, Lf+Li - pine chips enriched with granulated lignite (20%) inoculated with the litter.In the first year of the study, mite abundance in the chips inoculated with forest litter was significantly higher than that on microplot C. In the second year of the experiment, the abundance of these microarthropods decreased probably due to unfavorable weather conditions. The most common group of mites were usually oribatid mites that accounted for 19.7 to 80.4% of all mites. An analysis of seasonal dynamics of Oribatida abundance over the entire study cycle revealed a clear increase ...
The number and groups of mites (Acari) and species composition of oribatid mites (Oribatida) were analysed in three different substrates used for the restoration of degraded soils: (1) pine forest litter, (2) apple orchard litter, and (3) pine chips. The study was conducted in the years 2011-2012, on microplots of the area of 1m2, established in a belt of trees of a nursery in Białe Błota (Bydgoszcz Forest District). Average biannual mite density per 50 cm3 of the investigated substrates ranged from 14.6 to 54.43 individuals. The highest numbers of mites were found in shredded forest litter and the lowest in pine chips. The most abundant mites in the studied material were oribatid mites, accounting for 57.3 % of these arthropods. The highest number of oribatid mites was found in the forest litter (28), and the lowest (20) in pine chips. The number of species in both types of litter was similar in the first and second year of the study, but it rose three times in the pine chips substrate over the study period. Oribatid species in the litter substrates were dominated by the eurytopic Tectocepheus velatus, and the most abundant species in the pine chips substrate was Oribatula ...
