Zeszyt: 2024, vol. 19 / 1 / 1
Some practices such as fertilisation and pesticide use are carried out in order to obtain high yields in agricultural production. However, as a result of these practices, agricultural pollutants may occur as a result of incorrect agricultural practices. Problems such as water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, nutrient imbalance, salination in soils, eutrophication in waters, beneficial microorganisms in soils and damage to human and animal health occur due to faulty fertilisation and pesticide applications, misuse of agricultural soils, and inaccuracies in the disposal of plastic wastes. In this study, the literature on agricultural polluting factors was examined and it was aimed to raise awareness about agricultural pollution by explaining the harms of agricultural polluting factors to the environment and the health of living beings and by trying to offer solutions. Within the scope of this targeted awareness, this study; It is aimed to raise the awareness of producers in future production processes and to provide a stepping stone for scientific studies on this subject. ...
Bulk, porous oil-bearing materials acquire various degrees of densification under varying influences of equipment and process parameters with direct bearings on yield during compressive abstraction of oil from such materials. Effects of both aspect ratio and compression cycle on the course of densification were investigated. Mechanical response and oil expression indices were analysed for variances and treatment means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test. All influence factors had significant effects on mechanical response and oil yield. Significant improvements in achievable deformation and specific energy demand were obtained through repeated induction of compressive stress; compression cycle correlated positively with both deformation and energy demand. Margin for the expenditure of energy became wider as pressure ratio at the oil point became lower. This study reveals that performance of compression schemes may be significantly enhanced through careful application of the pressure ratio. ...
System profitability analysis and carbon (IV) oxide emission saved by an indirect passive solar cabinet dryer for tomatoes drying was evaluated under Bauchi (Nigeria) prevailing weather condition. Dryer minimum annual throughput of 27.89 kg occurred in the design month of August at 180 days of drying with thermal energy output of 262.55 kWh. Financial analysis indicated a minimum annual cash flow of ₦7,826.61 for electricity energy saved with a payback period of 14.22 years which is less than the economic useful life of the dryer in the design month, while preventing 105.02 kg of carbon (IV) oxide emission. This illustrates a conventional energy cost saving method for drying high moisture crop using a cleaner form of energy. The study recommends the development and adaptation of solar dryers with auxiliary heating units for proper harnessing of solar energy for environmental sustenance and economic growth. ...
The dynamic growth in the number of photovoltaic installations raises questions about the most efficient use of the electricity produced from them. The article presents the results of research on the self-consumption index for a single-family house equipped with a photovoltaic power plant. The analyses were carried out taking into account actual data on electricity from a prosumer photovoltaic installation, a heat pump controller and the eLicznik Tauron Dystrybucja portal. The research was carried out for the years 2022-2023 taking into account the change in the electricity consumption profile resulting from the dismantling of the current heat source and its replacement with a compressor heat pump. ...
Today, waste management is becoming increasingly important in terms of environmental sustainability and economic efficiency. Increasing population, industrialization and changes in consumption habits necessitate the development of new approaches in the field of waste management and the rethinking of existing systems. In this context, innovations and innovative approaches in waste management from past to present play a critical role in the transformation of waste management. Developments around the world encourage the adoption of innovative solutions and approaches in waste management. In particular, concepts such as zero waste targets, circular economy principles and waste reduction strategies are gaining more importance in international platforms and in the domestic policies of countries. In addition, technological advances offer more efficient and effective solutions in waste management. Developments in smart sensors, automatic classification systems and recycling technologies make it possible to manage waste more effectively.In this context, these developments in the field of waste management worldwide are an important driving force for the further development and implementation of waste management strategies and policies. In this study, innovative approaches in waste management from past to present are discussed, and it aims to be an important resource for understanding the effects of global developments on waste management ...
The thermal energy demand during the production period in greenhouses is important for determining the production economics and feasibility studies to be carried out. This is because evaluating future investments in the greenhouse sector requires accurate estimates of energy demand and costs. For this purpose, the heat energy required in the greenhouse and the heating costs were calculated, taking into account the meteorological conditions of the region, the optimum temperature demand of the plants and the technical specifications of the greenhouse. Two different cover materials were used to determine the heat energy requirement: polyethylene sidewalls and roof (PE) and polycarbonate sidewalls + polyethylene roof (PC+PE). In addition, calculations were made for 8 different greenhouse combinations, including different insulation statuses (poor, medium and good insulation) of these greenhouses without thermal screen and with thermal screens. As a result of the study, it was calculated that the amount of energy consumed was reduced by 4.5% when PC covering material was used instead of PE covering material as covering material for the greenhouse side walls. In greenhouses covered with PE and PC+PE covers, if well-insulated thermal screens are used, the amount of energy consumed will decrease by 23.1%-22.4%, respectively, compared to PE and ...
Fruit and vegetable processing waste represents a significant environmental and economic issue. Globally, around 1.3 billion tons of food are wasted each year, a substantial portion of which comes from fruit and vegetable processing. In Europe, this waste can account for up to 30% of the entire stream of post-production waste. The estimate ranges from 5 to 9 million tons per year in Poland. This waste mainly originates from the processing of potatoes, apples, and sugar beets. Effective waste management, through the production of biogas and compost, brings ecological and economic benefits, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and improves soil quality. Moreover, using waste to produce valuable products, such as fertilizers and food additives, can increase the revenue of the agri-food industry. This article analyzes the available methods for managing fruit and vegetable processing waste and their practical application. ...
