The development is focused on the utilization of preventive tools to increasing of the environmental charge of the region by bio-degradable wastes, that is required to Czech Republic as a full-fledged member of European Union. Czech Republic has to adhere the legislative requirements that are determined to waste treatment. In this case it is Directive of EU Council 1999/31/ES about landfills. The Directive orders to member states to reduce the quantity of bio-degradable wastes at landfills. One of the possibilities how to get the requirements is consequential exercitation of preventive methods, especially cleaner production and methods of right agricultural and operating work experience. Cleaner production (CP) is an ongoing application of integral prevention strategy to processes, products and services aiming at increasing their effectiveness and reducing their risks towards men as well as towards environment. CP is a strategy that protects the environment, the consumer and the worker while improving the industrial efficiency, profitability and competitiveness of enterprises. By eliminating or reducing waste at the source, economic development can continue to occur, but in a more environmentally sustainable manner. CP can bring significant financial and economic advantages as well as environmental benefits at the local and global level. Cleaner Production ...
In paper a groundwater quality near to municipality landfill was charac-terised. Groundwater analyses were carried on for 4 years in 3-4 months periods. Observation points around the municipal landfill site were localised in different distance to obtain different water flow times, i.e. since 30 to 800 m from landfill's border. Obtained results were put through statistical analyses in which the groundwater quality differentiation in different seasons as well as quality in sam-pling points from piezometers localised on groundwater inflow and outflow were assessed. Investigations carried out have enabled to evaluation of water quality changes in the vicinity of analysed landfill. ...
Czech Republic, as a member of the EU in accordance with Directive 99/31/EC on the landfill must reduce the amount of biodegradable waste sent for landfill. One of the conditions of use of the landfill are the provisions relating to biodegradable waste: part of municipal waste biologically degradable placed on the landfill must be gradually reduced in accordance with the schedule of waste management plans of the Czech Republic, namely: to reduce by 2010 to 75% by 2013 to 50% and up to 2020 to 35% of the total (by weight) of biodegradable mu-nicipal waste produced in 1995. Their production depends on the type of buildings. For the purposes of research were carried out in Blansko study (survey), on the composition of waste from households. ...
The work discusses the basic issues of protection of the aquatic environment in the context of the operation of the facility, with reduced infrastructure support. Survey, the quality of groundwater and the wastewater during the advanced service in the years 2006-2008 after a period of winter the meltdown, were analysed, including benchmarking, which takes into account the variability in the composition of both the groundwater in-flow opacimeter and outflow and leachate collected in the landfill. In assessing the environment includes the components of the compromised sites, as well as the type, quantity and origin of deposited waste.The detailed analysis of the background of the results of the analyses carried out, requires above all to assess the efficiency of the system for the dehydration of the landfill, with an indication of the solutions for the protection of the aquatic environment in the context of the increase of mass deposited of municipal waste not selectively collected. ...
The research deals in complex with the issue of landfilling and with a pos-sible use of biological indicators to assess the impact of landfill on its surroundings. The problem is topical as landfilling remains the most spread technology for the disposal of communal waste in the Czech Republic.Assessing the impact of the landfill on its environs, we based our study on the selected bioindicators present in 1995 and in 2007 - 2010. During the period of vegetation biomonitoring, we did not detect any significant impact of the landfills on the biotic composition of the environment and no symptoms of leaf area chlorosis or necrosis that would have indicated the direct impact of sanitary landfills operation on the locality. The Štěpánovice landfill and Kuchyňky landfill have a functional system of drains combined with the system of ground sealing and the system of seepage water drainage pits. It further has a sophisticated system to check fencing, fly-offs and to collect lightweight waste. Both landfills are constructed and operated in compliance with the most modern and strictest requirements and standards. ...
A summary of the work concerns the basic issues related to the composition process of bio-waste deposited on the municipal landfill. Study of the landfill gas composition obtained in the representative point was analyzed during the exploi-tation of the landfill in the years 2004 - 2008. During the study the quantity and the quality parameters of deposited waste, conditions of its exploitation and the time of deposition were under consideration. Particular attention was also paid to the 30 % share biodegradable waste and the development of aerobic processes during the operation of the landfill. The composition of the gas has demonstrated the domination of aerobic processes by an oxygen content within the limits of the 4,9 - 9,7 % over anaerobic processes in the downtrend content of methane to 2,3 % and 0 % carbon content. At the end of the article some conclusions concerning mainly an inadequate density of deposited waste which results in an easy oxygen access to the surface layers of the waste. ...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the contents of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu in shoots of willow (Salix viminalis L.) cultivated in the vicinity of a coal ash and slag landfill. The landfill is surrounded by arable lands and meadows. There are two major negative influences of the landfill - dusting and flooding. The result of these interactions is the systematic reduction of agricultural value of the land. A field with an area of 9600 m2 were chosen. The land is located east to the landfill. A total of 40 samples of biomass was collected. The contents of analysed elements were determined by FAAS using a Unicam Solaar M6 spectrometer. Distance from the landfill affects the contents of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu in the tested willow shoots. However, there is no single concentration pattern for all the investigated metals. An increase in willow cultivation on the described area can bring a good environmental effect and become an example of proper management of the ash and slag landfill neighbourhood. ...
