Influence of under -crown irrigation and mineral fertilization on selected indicators of sandy soil fertility for use of orchard. I. The bulk density and soil water stocks

A field experiment was conducted in 2003-2005 at the Experimental Station Lipnik near Stargard, where they were founded three two-factor experiment. The research was conducted on an acid brown soil. The soil is classified as quality class IVb, good rye complex, and for cultivation of light soils with low water retention useful. In each of the experiments were evaluated: the impact of different irrigation and fertilization on bulk density and soil water stocks. All experiments were randomized block design established in the system dependent (called a split-plot), in seven replications in the experiment with cherry, five replications with peach and four replications in the experiment with the plums. Were carried out on trees in the fourth year after planting, fall within the third year of fruiting. Maintained grass between the trees, and rows of trees - herbicide fallow. Order factor was irrigation under-crown: O-control (without irrigation), W-objects irrigated when soil water potential fell below 0.01 MPa. Irrigation system was used in which water was distributed by type of Hadar scale spraying for cherry r-1m , peach r-1,5m, and plum r-2m. The dosages of water under the tree stone in different growing seasons ranged from 21.7 to 61.3 mm depending on ...

Effect of soil moisture regulation method in young peach orchard on selected physical properties of soil

The experiment was set founded in 2012 in the Research Station in Samotwór belonging to the University of Life Sciences in Wrocław. The soil moisture in the peach orchard was controlled by the using of drip irrigation and geocomposite placed in the soil. The impact of these factors on the formation of some physical properties of soil was estimated in the 2 nd year of cultivation. It was the 1st year of the peach trees yielding. The soil under irrigation had the higher bulk density in the surface layer and lower values of porosity. The use of polymer gel alone and with irrigation reduced the soil bulk density in the soil layer at 15-20 cm of depth. The soil under polymer and irrigation was characterized by the lowest value of the capillary porosity. Introduction geocomposite into the soil at the time of planting trees can improve the ability of the soil to retain water in the soil and its efficient management throughout the growing season of trees ...