In the Western Ukraine there are unique regions important in ecological, biogeographical, landscape and environmental regard. These are the Carpathians, Pokuttya, Roztocha, Western Polissya, Volyn (Ladomirien) and Podilla, which were an object of interest of naturalists for a long period of time . In the 19-th century and in the period between 1st and 2nd World wars, when that territory belonged to the Polish state, Polish botanists and foresters (the list of their publications includes more than 300 names) contributed substantially to studying flora and vegetation of that territory. In the second half of 19th century a broad net of railways was built there, which favoured to bringing nearer the West-European markets to rich natural resources. In order to satisfy the needs of quickly developing forestry industry massive cutting of the oak forests had started in flat landscapes and coniferous forests in mountain regions. As a result of such intensive clean cutting in humid region of the Carpathians, soil erosion processes started and periodic catastrophic floods appeared .In Volyn and Podilla regions relic steppe formations, valuable from botanic and phytogeographical point of view, started disappearing. The far-sighed Polish scientists estimated ecological consequences of anthropogenic transformations of natural vegetation, and in ...
The article presents a historic analysis of anthropogenic effect on various elements of biosphere in subsequent periods of society development and shows its ecological consequences. A necessity of creating a special field of science called Geosozology (Greek: “sodzo” – protect) aimed at protection of biosphere elements was justified. Pansociocentric, panecocentric and panethicentric principles were established on which this scientific discipline should be based. Geosozology is considered an interdisciplinary science. Depending on the protected object and subject of investigations the followings fields of knowledge were distinguished: social sozology, phytosozology, zoosozology, pedosozology, hydrosozology, sozology of the atmosphere, landscape sozology, cosmosozology, ethical sozology and philosophical sozology. The main directions of sozological research base on individual elements of biosphere. ...
