Summary:

The article presents a historic analysis of anthropogenic effect on various elements of biosphere in subsequent periods of society development and shows its ecological consequences. A necessity of creating a special field of science called Geosozology (Greek: “sodzo” – protect) aimed at protection of biosphere elements was justified. Pansociocentric, panecocentric and panethicentric principles were established on which this scientific discipline should be based. Geosozology is considered an interdisciplinary science. Depending on the protected object and subject of investigations the followings fields of knowledge were distinguished: social sozology, phytosozology, zoosozology, pedosozology, hydrosozology, sozology of the atmosphere, landscape sozology, cosmosozology, ethical sozology and philosophical sozology. The main directions of sozological research base on individual elements of biosphere.