There has been a growing interest over the last years in techniques using alternative and pharmaceutical plants due to their wide potential applications. These species are characterised by valuable and multidirectional usable features, due to which their practical application is superior to their physiognomic features. These plants may provide a raw material for production of medicines, cosmetics or may be used for animal feeds. Moreover they may be used as ornamental, melliferous and energy plants. Owing to their generally low soil requirements they are used in the reclamation of degraded land. Among the species characterized by multidirectional use are Silphium perfoliatum, Helichrysum arenarium and Stevia rebaudiana. These plants are characterized by a high content of active compounds and a number of pro-health characteristics. Because raw materials for production of medicines and cosmetics should be standardized, cultures maintained under controlled conditions are a good source of seedlings. ...
The paper presents the optimization process of obtaining plantlets of Stevia rebaudiana under in vitro culture conditions and describes the method for adjusting the rooted plants to ex vitro conditions. The low viability of seeds and poor germination are the reasons of difficulties in commercial cultivation of this species in Poland. Plant tissue and cell cultures are the techniques helping to overcome these limitations. Numerous shoots were obtained using sterile nodal segments that were cultured on solidified MS media and supplemented with phytohormones. Elongated shoots were transferred onto the rooting medium. Thus in vitro regenerated plantlets were acclimated to greenhouse conditions. The highest efficiency of shoots proliferation was observed at presence of 0.5 mg dm-3 BAP. The longest stems and the largest number of leaves and the greatest width of leaf were observed when 0.5 mg dm-3 GA3 was applied into medium. The process of rhizogenesis was intensified by the 0.5 mg dm-3 IBA contained in the nutrient medium. Under the influence of this phytohormone roots were the most numerous and the longest. At the stage of acclimatization 1/4 MS salt solution was used for irrigation of plantlets what supports increased of the process from 46% to 70% in comparison ...
W doświadczeniu polowym, przeprowadzonym w latach 2009-2010 na glebie bardzo lekkiej w Kruszynie Krajeńskim koło Bydgoszczy, badano wpływ nawadniania kroplowego na wybrane parametry wzrostu rożnika przerośniętego uprawianego z sadzonek uzyskanych w procesie mikrorozmnażania in vitro. Do-świadczenie założono jako jednoczynnikowe w układzie zależnym, w czterech powtórzeniach. Czynnikiem stanowiącym źródło zmienności było nawadnianie kroplowe zastosowane w dwóch wariantach: O - bez nawadniania (kontrola), K - nawadnianie kroplowe, przeprowadzane na podstawie wskazań tensjometrów (-0,04 MPa). Materiałem do badań były rośliny rożnika przerośniętego (Silphium perfoliatum L.), które uzyskano w procesie mikrorozmnażania. Nawadnianie kro-plowe istotnie wpłynęło na zwiększenie świeżej masy liści z jednej rośliny oraz liczby liści. Zwiększyło istotnie powierzchnię transpiracyjną jak również podwyż-szyło zawartość suchej masy liści.
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The plant material were plants of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench) collected from natural locations in October 2012. Initial explants were apical buds enfolded into two leaves. Isolated explants were chemically sterilized. Reproducted shoots were divided and put into three types of mediums: medium MS (control) containing 37 mg P∙dm-3, medium MS without additive of P (0,0 mg P∙dm-3), medium MS with additional amound of P (74 mg P∙dm-3). The aim of research was to specify the influence of phosphorus content in medium for choosen growth parameters and accumulation of assimilatory pigments: chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids. Analysis of these compounds were done spectrophotometrically. The made research, proved, that the richest in mentioned substances were microseedlings growing on the medium with increased amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus deficiency in medium MS had a statistically essential effect on changes in growth modifications of microseedlings of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench). Additional amount of phosphorus in the medium had a statistically essential effect on increasing of chlorophyll a+b in comparison with plants growing on the medium MS with optimal phosphorus amount or without this element by accordinglly 36% and 23%. Moreover, it caused a growth of ...
A field experiment carried out in two vegetation seasons in the years 2010 and 2011 on a very light soil at Kruszyn Krajeński, in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz, Poland. Investigation of the influence of drip irrigation on some growth parameters of 2-year-old cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) were done. The cup plants were cultivated from the micropropagation seedlings. The experiment was performed as one factorial in 4 replications. The main factor of the experiment was irrigation performed with following variants: O- without irrigation (control plots), D- with drip irrigation. Drip irrigation was scheduled according to tensiometers indications. Irrigation significantly increase the height of the plants, the length and number of internode, the thickness of the stalk,. Irrigation also increased the fresh weight of the shoots, and the number of the leaves. ...
A field experiment was carried out in two vegetation seasons in the years 2012 and 2013 on very light soil at Kruszyn Krajeński, in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz, Poland. The aim of the study was to characterize morphological achenes and determine the fertility potential and real of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) plants derived from micropropagation grown under irrigation. Low fertility real of cap plant resulted from the participation of infertile fruit-achenes it means devoid of the seeds. Due to the fact that this plant is entered on the list of invasive species, this property may be desirable during plantation establishment. As a result, the plant will not be so easy to penetrate into the ecosystem and will not pose a threat to native biodiversity. ...
