Zeszyt: 2010, vol. 7 / 06
Thuringia is one of the leading countries in Germany in the range of eco-development principles implementation and proecological changes.The paper outlines the chosen elements of present sozological problematics of Thuringia - protected areas, wildcat protection and the Green Belt.Various forms of nature and landscape protection comprise together 71% of total country area.In the range of the protection of disappearing population of the wildcat - the special ecological corridors are being built between the Thuringian Forest and larger forest complexes. The Green Belt of Thuringia (constituting part of the European Green Belt) comprising a boarder belt 763 km long - is the subject of maintenance measures shaping its natural, historical and utilisation values. In this Belt numerous local projects concerning biotopes shaping, protected areas making, matching the requirements of agriculture, recreation and nature are being intro-duced - with spatial planning, rural land management and village renewal. ...
In the paper, results of the research into the ladn configuration of plots with arable land are presented. The plots researched belong to farms situated in a village of Koniuszowa, in the Province of Małopolska. The village studied has ca. a 604 ha area and is characterized by a high farm land fragmentation rate. A basic surface element that was taken for analysis were continuous parts of ca-dastral plots utilized using only one utilization type. The research comprised all the plots with arable land in the selected village; they belonged to the farms existing in this village. To analyse such a very large number of plots, three specialist computer software were applied, i.e.: „MKTopo GUTR", „Plikpol", and „Pole"; they utilize data from a numeric cadastre map and from a descriptive part of the digital general lands and buildings register. The technology applied allowed to obtain more than 70 features characterizing each plot analyzed. Nineteen (19) basic features ladn configuration of a plots were accurately studied. The first eight (8) features determine spatial parameters of a plot, the next three (3) features refer to estimate costs of cultivating a given plot depending on the land configuration plots, the subsequent three (3) ...
Correction of the rural land arrangement which joins shares of farm located within complexes is connected with optimization model based on division complexes with elementary strips. The Aim of correction is joining of dispersed farm shares into compact land plots and, afterwards, creating numerical map with new land arrangement. Efficency of the correction was tested and confirmed with data set that represents Wojków village.Introducing of the correction allows for elimination of every farm shares which area is smaller than 1 ha and creating compact land plots in complexes. The result of computational process is a map of rural land arrangement with minimized distance between plots and farm dwellings.
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The paper above presents the possibility of application of free version of PI 3000 Calib Topcon software to perform calibration of digital cameras. Investiga-tions were performed with use of Canon EOS 400D. Photos were made using con-stant focus objectives Canon 50mm f/1.4 and Sigma 20mm f/1.8. Without buying expensive specialistic camera calibration software it is possible to apply digital cameras in photogrammetric elaborations, especially in architecture objects in-ventarisation and their further 3D visualisation. ...
Complete information regarding the real estate and existing spatial condi-tions are the base of proper land management. Because of spatial character of the commune real estate, a basic tool for the land management is the Geographic In-formation System. Providing the commune with GIS system is a very expensive and long-term process unprofitable for subdivisions like communes.The paper introduces a combination of data processing system for the commune real estate management (parcels) with digital map based on municipal council database. This solution presents the best and the most comprehensive way of the commune parcel management.Descriptive data gathered in the database was located on the digital map and separated from the parcels remaining. Moreover, the layer presenting soil classes according to the land records map was created.Ultimate layer was generated from common parts of the objects located on parcels and soil classes. It allowed objects to be located on one thematic layer as well as analyzing the use if commune parcels automatically.The most positive effect of such analyzing method is the possibility of unli-mited data processing, free GIS-system development and system possibility for self-improvement, which is promising for system and method development.
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Airborne laser scanning is is rapidly developing a fast method for obtaining spatial information. Data obtained from the aeroplane or helicopter, besides the three coordinates (X, Y, Z) are often enriched also recorded the amount of energy that is reflected from the different surfaces. In this way, besides the geometric representation of reality we get the image of diversity surfaces, which in different ways reflect the laser beam.
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The project presents a new concept of developing geodetic control and measurement networks on the basis of a double option solution which employs ASG-EUPOS active geodetic network. The concerned network has been established in the area affected by mining activities, within the territory of the city of Jastrzębie Zdrój. Points were distributed over the distance of 7070 m and formed a typical linear network. The proposed concept of measurement and observation development options made it possible to obtain average accuracy of the coordinates after levelling at 4,2 - 4,9 mm (option one) and 1,2 - 1,5 mm (the alternative option of the solution). Apart from the high accuracy of coordinate tracing, the proposed concept of setting up geodetic networks also offers another important advantage: a practical ability to get networked via the ASG-EUPOS network which is available on common basis and free of charge for the daily measurement activities.
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Terms systematic in the scope of information in land and property mana-gement process ware presented in the paper. In addition following parameters ware described: information definition, kinds of information, ways of information presentation, sources and mechanism of information management and protection. Examples of land information specifications and context of modern cadastre in Poland ware also taken in consideration in the paper.
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Terrain procedure of testing geodetic instruments allows us to define true accuracy possible to get with present measuring set by concrete user. The elabora-tion of measuring results demands penetrating, statistic analysis. It is necessary to use various kinds of statistic analysis. In that article are presented selected tests of mathematical statistic, which can be used with that issue.
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Cleanliness control is one of the local government responsibilities. The local government actions should be taken not only against inhabitants and real es-tate owners.Local governments should carry out the quality and monitoring control of the pollution processes at the farms.Paper presents a description of already existing control system. The digital map was combine with database. The table presents farms, which hide the real amount of sewage and their location. It helps to estimate the pollution danger and to change the management of the land by implementing more restrictive control system.At this example an application combined from two elements such as digital map and database was tested. The cost of the this information system implementa-tion was lower than creating it from the beginning.
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Terms systematic in the scope of information in land and property management process ware presented in the paper. In addition following parameters ware described: information definition, kinds of information, ways of information presentation, sources and mechanism of information management and protection. Examples of land information specifications and context of modern cadastre in Poland ware also taken in consideration in the paper.
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The project presents a new concept of developing geodetic control and measurement networks on the basis of a double option solution which employs ASG-EUPOS active geodetic network. The concerned network has been established in the area affected by mining activities, within the territory of the city of Jastrzębie Zdrój. Points were distributed over the distance of 7070 m and formed a typical linear network. The proposed concept of measurement and observation development options made it possible to obtain average accuracy of the coordinates after levelling at 4,2 - 4,9 mm (option one) and 1,2 - 1,5 mm (the alternative option of the solution). Apart from the high accuracy of coordinate tracing, the proposed concept of setting up geodetic networks also offers another important advantage: a practical ability to get networked via the ASG-EUPOS network which is available on common basis and free of charge for the daily measurement activities.
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The natural space of mathematical development of a GPS vector network is the global geocentric system WGS84. If necessary to integrate the conventional and satellite measurements, a more appropriate solution is to bring the GPS vector network onto the plane of the local projection and to adjust it as a horizontal network. One problem may be a suitable preparation of GPS pseudo-observations on the plane. In this work there is presented the complete calculation algorithm to transform the original GPS vectors to form a pseudo-vectors in the plane of "2000" system. There is also enclosed a numerical example based on the results of a periodic control measurement of the landslide area. The results obtained (the horizontal coordinates adjusted in the "2000" system) have been next compared to both the results of original GPS network adjustment and the results of the classical terrestrial measurement.
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Model of ground cadastre in Poland was taken under analysis in this paper. Roles and graphical notation of Object Oriented Analysis was used to model ground cadastre. That model consists of four layers of different abstraction: sub-jects, objects and classes, structures, attributes. Additionally model includes sub-jects: organization, geometry, objects, entity, law state. Ground cadastre was pre-sented as multitasking system. Such defined system is possible to be introduced in Polish conditions.
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Advantages and obstacles of using basic satellite receivers in measurements was shown in the thesis. On the basis of Multiple measurements of a plot, using handheld GNSS receiver, typical errors have been examined. Outcomes clearly prove that environmental and personal factors have significant influence on the er-rors appearing while performing a survey.
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The paper presents the problem of determining the accuracy usable of geo-detic Instruments. The results of test measurements will be evaluated using tests of mathematical statistics by the statistical Abeb's test and the Shapiro - Wilk test. Will discuss the theoretical basis for conformance testing and arę given ways of their practical application.The study concludes that the tested instruments meet the conditions of both statistical tests and thus arę suitable for making measurements in engineering geodesy .
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Determination of movements of the land surface or technical objects is rea-lized by means of geodetic measurement methods. This task consists in numerical processing the results of the series of periodic measurements. The paper presents two proposals for the determination of movements. The first of these amounts to the total adjustment of all the observations taking the time of their performance into consideration. The second, alternative method is based on the setting up of the functional model for the observation differences. The presented theoretical rela-tionships (exact functional compounds) have been supported by numerical example that allows someone to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed solutions. ...
