Investigations with wastewater from small abattoir were carried on hybrid constructed wetland systems. Mean COD of wastewater reached 3000 gO2∙m-3 and concentration of Ntot was about 400 g∙m-3. The main problem was sufficient removal of NO3-N and Ntot. In order to intensify denitrification, a part of effluent from the vertical bed was recirculated to the settling tank. Effectiveness of Ntot removal on the plant raised along with the rise of recirculation level and obtained for 100, 150 and 200 % respectively 85,7; 91,9 and 96,6 %. The main contamination of wastewater from small fruit-and- vegetable processing plant consist of organic substance (to 10000 gO2∙m-3 as COD). The bed with vertical flow built of various fractions of sand and with fully developped reeds was found very effective in its removal. Sufficient results were obtained with loading of the bed up to 90gCOD∙m-2∙d-1. ...
The work discusses the basic issues of protection of the aquatic environment in the context of the operation of the facility, with reduced infrastructure support. Survey, the quality of groundwater and the wastewater during the advanced service in the years 2006-2008 after a period of winter the meltdown, were analysed, including benchmarking, which takes into account the variability in the composition of both the groundwater in-flow opacimeter and outflow and leachate collected in the landfill. In assessing the environment includes the components of the compromised sites, as well as the type, quantity and origin of deposited waste.The detailed analysis of the background of the results of the analyses carried out, requires above all to assess the efficiency of the system for the dehydration of the landfill, with an indication of the solutions for the protection of the aquatic environment in the context of the increase of mass deposited of municipal waste not selectively collected. ...
The paper presents the assessment of the operation of a sewage treatment plant in Haczów before and after its modernization. The analysis of results was conducted based on data data for the period from January 2011 to March 2015. The paper describes the process line of the studied object and the qualitative assessment of treated sewage based on three basic sewage contamination indicators: BOD5, CODCr and total suspended solids. Moreover, the amount of sewage flowing into the treatment plant over the period of four consecutive years was analyzed. The operation of the sewage treatment plant was assessed for two periods, i.e. before and after its modernization. The conducted analysis showed a significant improvement in the quality of treated sewage after the modernization of the treatment plant. After the modernization, the mean value of the BOD5 indicator in the treated sewage was 8,4 mgO2.dm-3 and was more than seven times lower than in the period prior to modernization. Similar situation was observed for CODCr as its mean value for treated sewage after the modernization was 61,7 mgO2.dm-3 while before the modernization it was 227,9 mgO2.dm-3. A significantly lower value of the mean total suspended solids concentration was also observed in treated ...
The aim of this study was to determine of influence of atmospheric precipitations in flow to sewer system on temperature and the amount of raw sewage flowing into the sewage treatment plant. Studies carried out in the sewer system with a length of 15 km and a diameter of from 200 to 315 mm. Were chosen two characteristics winter study periods. The first period was from 01 to 31 January 2011 year and the second period was from 01 to 29 February 2012 year. The analysis found that as a result of accidental water inflow (rain water) occurred lowering the temperature of the influent wastewater to the treatment plant from 2.1 to 2.2 °C. Water flowing random (rainy water) is defined as the share of accidental waters in the total volume of waste water treatment plants result in an increased volume of sewage from 37.5 to 40.0%. To prevent negative phenomena which are reducing the temperature of plants and their increased volume as a result of the entry of rain water drains should be taken to detect and elimination of illegal connections residential gutters and sealed sewer system. ...
The aim of the research was to get the expertise, how location of wastewater treatment plant to basin of sewage system influences the temperature of inflowing wastewater. The analysis included four sewage systems, which are different for the sake of length of transit canal between treatment plant and residential buildings, in which domestic sewage was produced. In analysed systems sewage flew into the treatment plants with hydraulic capacity range from 100 to 300 m3•d-1, and with population equivalent less than 2000. Measurements of temperature of air and wastewater outflowing from sewage system, in analysed year 2012, were conducted continuously, with 1 hour interval, with use resistance sensors connected with data recorder. The research showed, that the distance of treatment plant to basin of sewage system has a significant impact on wastewater temperature outflowing from sewage system. In winter period mean daily wastewater temperature outflowing from transit manifolds with length from 300 to 600 m was lower even about 3oC, but in summer period up to 8oC, in comparison to transit manifolds with length less than 10 m. Moreover, it was proved that, apart from length of transit manifold, also intensity of wastewater flow has a significant impact on wastewater ...
Majority of on-site wastewater treatment plants discharge effluents to the soil by infiltration systems. The aim of the study was to compare choosen methods of determinantion of soil permeability for its use as a receiver for domestic wastewater. Filtration coefficiens were determined in on-site percolation test, laboratory test (de Wit aparatus) and calculation method (base on grain size analysis). Soils from seven different potential locations of on-site wastewater treatment systems were tested. Soils were characterised as sandy loams and loamy sands. The highest values of filtration coefficients were obtained from percolation tests and the lowest from the calculation method. Calculated hydraulic loads in all cases are lower than values of LTAR (Long-Term Acceptance Rate). The possible reason is that used equation was developed for simple septic systems and includes clogging of soil by solids from pre-treated wastewater. In case of biologically treated wastewater distributed in tested fine-grained soils, infiltration surface determined base on the percolation test, will ensure safe disposal of wastewater for long time of operation of on-site wastewater treatment system. ...
The aim of the study was to determine the value and concentration indicators of BOD5, COD and general nitrogen in domestic wastewater after mechanical treatment, which should be considered in the design of the activated sludge reactor. Ninety-nine samples of raw wastewater and after mechanical treatment were then collected and physicochemical analysis was carried out. The quantity of pollutants in the raw wastewater was verified to determine if this was domestic wastewater. The next stage of the analysis included the definition of the characteristic quantity of the analysed indicators in wastewater after mechanical treatment, which should be taken into account while calibrating computer programs supporting the design of biological reactor chambers. A detailed analysis led to the conclusion that mean values for BOD5 - 300 mgO2·dm-3, for COD - 500 mgO2·dm-3and for total nitrogen 50 mgN·dm-3 should be applied. The work also determined the susceptibility of wastewater after mechanical treatment to the decomposition of organic and biogenic compounds. ...
