The River Vistula features various stages in the development of training measures that started in the 19th c. and aimed to convert it into a waterway. This study focuses on a foreland stretch between the towns of Skoczów and Puławy where the channel, originally meandering, sinuous or braided, has been shortened, narrowed and deepened as a result of engineering projects (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). Big differences were identified in the reshaping of the channel studied following the training measures, resulting in a reduced flood risk along those reaches where the channel depth was increased the most and in a considerable increase of this risk below Zawichost, where the measures were carried out last. The one morphological effect of the engineering that has the greatest impact on the discharge regimen is the increased channel compactness, especially along the originally meandering reaches (Fig. 3). The bank height along the deepened channel reaches increased by 3.5 metres on average since the project started. The changes in the channel morphology are conducive to faster flow rates (Tab. 1), which means that the bankfull discharge increases fast along the considerably deepened channel reaches with built-up banks. This rate is much slower along reaches with less ...
The aim of the study was an environmental evaluation of three chosen oxbow lakes of the Vistula in Warsaw. Benthic macroinvertebrates that inhabit lit-toral zone were used as bioindicators. They were collected using slag-filled mesh bags introduced substrate [PN-EN ISO 9391:2001]. The researches were con-ducted on the Gocławskie lake and on the Powsinkowskie and Wilanowskie lakes which form a complex. The researches revealed high richness and diversity of ma-croinvertebrates that inhabit studied oxbow lakes. High variation of invertebrates assemblage was assessed during conducted researches and within studied lakes. Due to identification of many taxa water quality assessed according to the BMWP-PL method was good and very good (Gocławskie: I class, Powsinkowskie and Wi-lanowskie: II class). Meanwhile Average Score Per Taxon index was not so high. Using Jaccard formula the highest similarity was obtained for the Gocławskie and the Wilanowskie lakes, then the Gocławskie and the Powsinkowskie. The lowest value of similarity was assessed for the Powsinkowskie and the Wilanowskie lakes which compose a lakes complex. This researches shows that chosen oxbow lakes are characterized by rich and diverse assemblage of benthic macroinvertebrates that can be an evidence of their high environmental value.
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