At the stage of market analysis prior to application of appropriate proce-dures for determining a value of the property an important element is to determi-nate a variability of immobility prices over a time, and if the impact of the transac-tion at the time of transfer is important for volatility, it should be adjust transaction prices based on accumulated property.It is important to confirm for the stage of the valuation of the recent years events at the Polish real estate market. While still 5-10 years ago, in a predictable and regular way property prices shaped in accordance with a trend of small grow-ing, then starting from 2003 the property market in Poland has entered the period known as boom and the market prices observed a very large price increases. Dif-ferences between current market prices for similar properties can vary by a few or several percent from month to month, and the disregard of these changes over time during the measurement could lead to a significant underestimation of the real estate value.Article aims determine the suitability of statistical models to detect and de-termine the price changes in the accumulated database real estate and their appli-cation to adjust prices due to the shift ...
The relationship between weather conditions and most important economi-cally infectious diseases of assimilative apparatus of forest trees was investigated for stands up to 20 years old. The analyses were based on data of Scots pine needle cast, twisting rust, shoot dieback, oak powdery mildew occurrence in Poland from the years 1975-2004 and meteorological data from 30 stations located all over the country from the years 1966-2005. There were 130 meteorological parameters of air and soil temperature, precipitation, humidity, synthetic hydrothermal coefficients (in forms of monthly, seasonal, annual and multi-annual means) as well as their deviations from multi-annual averages used in the calculations. To determine most influential for disease occurrence weather variables correlation and principal component analyses were applied, while multiple regression analysis was used to determine the dependence between diseases occurrence and selected weather parameters. For all analyzed diseases statistically significant dependence was found, most pronounced for meteorological parameters of the year of disease appearance as well as from one-two years earlier.
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On the base of geodetic, photogrammetric or radio observations of the sheet objects its position, dimensions and shape are determined. Approximation of mathematical model for the surface, used as a reference for estimation of geometric state of the object is based on the space co-ordinates of points representing the sheet of the object. In practice, the model parameter values are determined without consideration of accuracy of these co-ordinates. However, the covariance matrix for co-ordinates of observed points constitutes a base to estimate accuracy of determined parameters and its functions. In this paper an algorithm enabling es-timation of accuracy for the estimated parameters of the surface is presented. In addition, a measure of fitting of mathematical model to the observed geometric state of the sheet is determined. This parameter can be used to decide on adequacy of a medel. A method of estimation of the unit variance estimator reflecting effect of measurement errors only is also described. ...
