Investigations were conducted to analyse the relationships between the level of multifunctional rural development and the quality of these areas environment. The studies were carried out on the basis of statistical materials obtained from 97 municipalities of the świętokrzyskie province. The crucial point of the work was an application of canonical analysis which is a generalization of multiple regression analysis. A significant statistical dependence was found between the level of multifunctional development and the quality of the investigated rural areas environment described by three canonical variables. These variables explain 38% of variances of multifunctional development variables sets at given variables of environment quality. The computed value of variance is not satisfactory. Therefore it is necessary to carry out changes concerning the kind and number of indices of both multifunctional development and the environment quality. Due to multivariate character of the analysed sets of variables, canonical analysis is the correct method allowing for objective study of conditions of rural areas development. ...
Presented were the results of studies on the level of technical infrastructure development in rural areas of the świętokrzyskie province. Saturation with and accessibility of water supply and sewage disposal systems and road network were considered. Ward method was used to identify uniform groups of objects (communes) and the results were verified using discriminant function analysis. ...
The strength and character of spatial auto-correlation of the value of synthetic level of development of selected technical infrastructure elements functioning in rural areas in the swiętokrzyskie province. The synthetic indicator value was determined on the basis of Hellwig synthetic development measure. The research did not confirm the occurrence of spatial autocorrelation concerning the level of infrastructure development. ...
Development of off-farm activities should be perceived as a driving force of economic development, providing the chances for rural communities to find occupation beside the agriculture and plays a key role in the activation of rural areas. The paper presents an analysis of the off-farm economic activities in agri-cultural holdings in Poland and in the European Union countries. Economic ac-tivities were discussed in view of the size and specific character of farms. Spatial diversification concerning entrepreneurship of agricultural holdings in the EU in the years 2003, 2005 and 2007 was presented and dominating forms of off-farm activities were indicated. In view of the conducted analysis it may be stated that off-farm economic activities constitute an important element of these small area (up to 5ha) agricul-tural farms’ operations, both in Poland and in the whole Europe. It was proved that the kinds of activities undertaken by the European Union and Polish farms differ considerably. In the EU the most willingly undertaken activity is agricul-tural product processing, whereas in Poland the greatest number of farms pro-vides services using their own equipment. ...
In the present world information and knowledge are important elements ofthe local course of every stage of the civil service. Information delivered to localcommunity contributes to achieving a high local identity level. Development of informationfunction in gminas is being extorted by permanent progress in the scopeof the information and communication technologies (ICT). In local society, themost important way of holding information should be Internet. It is important becausemore and more households in rural area have opportunities to the access tothe Internet. Local society can use websites erected by local governments to disseminateinformation about functioning and action picked up in administrativedistricts to local actors. Transparent websites are becoming a source of informationas well as they let achieve the competitive edge above other gminas.An attempt of assessment of providing information by authorities and usefulnessof this information from a socio-economic development point of view isthe purpose of the paper. Building transparent and available websites for local societyis the important task for local governments, because well-informed societyparticipates in local life and in local undertaking picked up by authorities. This isimportant, especially in the rural gminas located in metropolitan areas which mustachieve the competitive edge above other gminas. The paper shows that that theinformation constituting ...
Modernization of agriculture, whose gravest problem is labour surplus and connected with it dispersed area structure, among others, relies on diminishing employment. Abandoning agriculture cannot imply migration from rural areas. Therefore, employment opportunities should be created for those who would abandon work in agriculture but would remain in the country. The main stipulation in the considerations of rural areas future is multifunctional development, whose rate and trends depend on many factors. Multifunctionality of rural areas resolves itself to proper, multidirectional utilization of rural potential determined by the above mentioned factors to create new, off-farm jobs. It should be emphasized that local specificity particularly socio-economic conditionings, play a crucial role in the process of multidirectional rural development.The main research problems discussed in the paper focused on the analysis of the rural areas environment effect on multifunctional development of these areas. Verification of the assumed research hypotheses resolved itself to answers to four questions:1. Are there any differences in the level of multifunctional development of communes and on what factors do they depend?2. Does the impact of multifunctional development factors depend on current level of multifunctionality?3. Do the rural dwellers have various preferences concerning multifunc-tional development and what do these preferences depend on?4. Do the opinions ...
In this paper we presented a new structural criterion of land delimitation and a new metod of determination of the urbanization level. The metod is based on the morphology of the structure resulting from the division of land into the parcels. It uses the fact that there are only three morphological classes of the distribution of the parcel areas: (i) reverse power law with the exponent equal to 2, (ii) log-normal distribution, and (iii) reverse power law with the exponent equal to 1. These distributions correspond, respectively, to the city core, suburbs, and rural area. The analysis is based on the GIS maps.
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One of the indicators of sustainable development is spatial order, under-stood as a spatial arrangement which includes e.g. natural, social and economic, cultural as well as compositional and aesthetic conditions.The objective of the study was to define the concept of spatial planning in non-urbanised areas and to devise a method to assess compliance of the partition of estates with spatial planning.As part of the study, indicators and their meters have been developed to as-sess the state of spatial planning of an non-urbanised real estate prior to partition of the estate and to make it possible to assess the impact of the anticipated partition of the estate on the state of the spatial plan in a given non-urbanised area.Furthermore, subsequent stages have been presented in the assessment of spatial plans and possible application of this method in practice.
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The form of the village cannot be an exogenous variable only of a level and the quality of the farming. Transformations must take place. The polish farming which is very complex and in the regions diversified should be only one of many stimulants of the image of the village. In order to fulfill the challenge the holiday function should develop and intensify. They think that a Wolber [2011] proposal is a solution where the palette of offers is being interpreted as the system and follow-ing subsystems are creating offer: a) stay, b) gastronomy, c) culture the free time and d) events. The system is struck up in three, presentations mutually comple-menting each other. First from them it is a tourism in rural areas, where the rela-tion of formats with rural area is more free and results only from the location of the object; second - rural tourism, for which forms are closely associated with the rural regional culture and third - the farm tourism i.e. the stay, food, spending the leisure time in the agricultural farm.The arrangement doesn't include individual rest carried out in holiday and weekend houses in the country. Analysis is pointing, that lease of the object, this ...
The quest for the multifunctionality of rural areas and the search for new places for the implementation of the housing investment is the reason that village today is treated not only as a place of agricultural production. Economic balance decides of the use of the factors of production- and, after all, one of them is earth - in a market economy. As a result the decline in profitability of agricultural pro-duction leads to the limitations of agricultural activity and the destination of the earth for other purposes. Transformations in the rural area entail broad changes in the local com-munity. The share of people without farm and completely unconnected with the agriculture increases in it. Traditionally understood urbanization processes envis-aged movement of the rural population to the city. Meanwhile, increasingly, there is an opposite tendency. Due to the small size of the rural communities an important issue are contacts on the line native inhabitants of the village and the newcomers. The difficulties in assimilation of newcomers, the breakdown of the communities in two, representing different values and interests of the group may be the start of the creation of the specific internal barriers of local development.The effect of the ...
Local plans are the basic legal acts used to execute the spatial policy within a commune area. This execution results in some legal, economic, environmental, and social changes. A great part of those changes requires some new spatial development plans to be agreed. The herby work includes the legal regulations concerning local plans of spatial development, their functions, goals and the results of those plans entering into force. The importance of local spatial development plans in shaping the spatial structure of rural areas is also considered in this work. The research showed what are the results of adopting the local spatial development plans in rural areas. The changes in the spatial structure of Rakowiec settlement, placed within the area of Kwidzyn commune, were taken as the basis for the research. ...
The study deals with barriers to be overcome by agritourist farm owners who choose to invest in renewable energy sources. Research was done in order to check whether before undertaking the investment they raisedtheir qualifications and used financial means offered by the government. In order to obtain information on the possibilities of ecological technologies development in rural areas, also farmers who do not use ecological energy media were interviewed. Both farmer groups were surveyed for information on development prospects of small technologies in rural areas. Farmers involved in agritourist activity were asked whether undertaking the risk of purchasing ‘green equipment' provided them with measurable benefits. ...
