Intensified production of apples makes a fruit grower establish an orchard immediately after grubbing up an old one. Then, if replanting does not occur, stands for new trees can be significantly affected by soil properties conditioned by a long- term way of its management. Another problem in horticulture is water deficit. Due to diminishing water reserves there is a need to improve sorption capacity of soils. The use of polymer supersorbents provides one of possible solution to the mentioned problem. The aim of the work was the assessment of the effect of a long- term appli-cation of herbicide fallow, black foil, black agrotextile and pine bark in trees rows in an old orchard, on growth and fruiting of apple trees ‘Ligol' planted immediately after grubbing up the old trees. Research also involved potential modification of the above effect caused by rootstock type: M.9, M 26 and P 60, as well as by addi-tionally applied agrogel. The growth and yielding of young trees ‘Ligol', related to a long-term system of soil management in the old orchard, was highly diversified and depended on the type of rootstock and agrogel applied. Yielding of the trees was also connected with the year of cultivation.
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The research was conducted in the years 2007 -2009. The trial was set up as split -plot with four replication. Experience related to the impact of mulching - the use black synthetic mulches (polyethylene film, polypropylene fabric and polypropylene nonwoven) on the yield and fruit biometric features and the content of selected nutrients in the cultivation of two cultivars peppers: 'Denis F1' and 'King Arthur F1'. Seedlings planted permanently in place in mid-June at a spacing of 50 to 50 cm. Harvesting were made gradually as of fruit ripening. Based on the of the obtained results it was found that the yield of peppers depended on the weather conditions and was variated in the years of experience. Higher yields fruits collected from the 'Denis F1' especially grown on leaf litter of black polyethylene film. The longest fruits were collected from plants mulched nonwoven polypropylene. Thicker pericarp had a variety of ‘King Arthur F1' mulching with polyethylene film. Mulching the soil favored the accumulation of L-ascorbic acid, total and reducing sugars in the fruits of peppers.The results showed that all types of mulches have contributed to a reduction in dry matter content in fruits compared to the control ...
