The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station belonging to Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences. In the autumn of 2008 the distribution of root system for nine-year-old apple trees cv. ‘Jonagored’ on M9 rootstock was evaluated. The tress were planted at spacing 3,5 x 0,5 m (5714 trees/ha) in two different ways: traditionally – into hole, and in the ridges. Plant-ing in ridges consists in setting trees on the top of the ground, fastening the trees to the rows of wire and hilling the soil up around their root system. The trees were irrigated by drip irrigation system. Irrigation was applied on the base of tensiometer indications. On purpose to determine the distribution of the roots the method of soil profile was used (Böhm, 1985). The method of soil profile was modified by taking digital photos of soil with roots, instead putting the roots by hand on transparent foil. The studies were prosecuted on three selected trees in each treatment, in vertical soil profile at 1m wide and 1,2 m deep. Planting in ridge combined with irrigation affected more intensive produc-ing of fine roots (ø < 1 mm), in comparison with control trees, planted ...
The experiment was conducted in Research Station belonging to department of Horticulture at Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences. The growth and the yielding of ‘Jonagored' cv. apple trees was estimated. The trees were planted two methods: traditional and in ridges. Planting in ridges consists in setting trees on the top of the ground, fastening them to the wire stretched along the row and hilling their root with the soil from the space between rows. The trees were trained in three systems of soil cultivation: herbicide fallow, mulching with sawdust and agro textile. Additionally a part of the trees in herbicide fallow was irrigation by using drip irrigation. The research was conducted in years 2005-2008 in the orchard in full period of fruiting. The trees of ‘Jonagored' on M9 rootstock were planted in 3,5 x 0,5 m (5714 trees · ha-1) spacing in spring 2000. The estimation included: vegetative growth on the basis of number and sum of length of one-year-old shoots longer than 20 cm. The influence of these factors on the weight and number of deleted shoots during annual pruning was determined. The results showed that irrigation stimulates the growth of trees planted in high density on ...
