Meteorological drought can be described with the use of precipitation. The index, in aid of which different kinds of meteorological drought are classified, is the standardized precipitation index (SPI). In this study, the authors classify and characterize the droughts in the IV-IX period of the years 1964-2006 in Wrocław-Swojec.
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The system of drought monitoring has been performed by the Institute of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz since 2008. Meteorological drought is evaluated using SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) and agricultural drought - using CDI (Crop Drought Index). CDI is calculated with the linear regression relationships between CDI and SPI. Prediction of meteorological and agricultural drought is made in the 10-day periods, using the forecast of precipitation obtained from WetterOnline.The verifiability of SPI forecast was high (80-100%). The verifiability of CDI depended on crop type and soil water retention - it ranged from 50 to 100%. The differences in drought classes were determined only in several cases.Monitoring and estimation of drought are the base of decision and activi-ties making in agricultural production, water management in the rural areas, irri-gation and estimation of yield losses. ...
Since 2012 Institute of Technology and Life Sciences has lead a national agro-meteorological monitoring in rural areas. The system provides current and forecasted information on the status and impact of water shortages in selected, representative of agricultural ecosystems and estimates potential reduction of crop yield. Required meteorological data are provided by a network of automatic stations located in 13 regions on Polish territory. Weather forecasts, necessary to develop predictions of water shortages in the next 10 and 20 days, come from the meteorological service of MeteoGroup Poland. Monitoring of water deficits and their consequences is carried out on using an indicator method. Precipitation conditions are monitored using standardized precipitation index SPI, soil moisture - soil moisture index SMI, the deficit of water for crops - agricultural drought index CDI and the potential reduction of final yield - yield reduction ratio YR. Results of the monitoring and forecasts are presented as tables and maps in the Internet. ...
