Living and industrial sewage is claimed to be the only source of the water pollution in urban areas. Therefore the regulation of sewage management – which is building or extension of sewerage systems - is considered to be the suffi-cient protection of the urban water resources. Urbanized areas, especially mu-nicipal – industrial agglomerations become huge sources of air, water, soil, streets, squares, roofs and non-built-up areas pollution. Pollutants washed down from the streets or other impregnated surfaces, during the precipitation or snow-melt, are the serious danger for the soil and water environment. The article reviews the obliging legal regulations concerning the drainage and management of the precipitation water from the urbanized areas. The main attention was paid to possibilities of the retention and infiltration of precipitation water – which is their management in the site where the precipitation originates. Moreover, the examples of created and exploited objects used for retention and infiltration together with the effects of pollutants’ reduction in the treated pre-cipitation water were presented. The basic legal documents concerning the man-agement possibilities and quality standards of precipitation water are the Water Law from 18th July 2001 and The Regulation of the Minister of Environment from 24th July ...
This paper presents the results of lysimetric research on the volume of eva-potranspiration and water runoff from grasslands used for different purposes. In the area studied (Small Pieniny Mountains), the vegetation season accounts for the largest proportion of total runoff, which is determined by the volume and dis-tribution of precipitation in this region (approx. 68% of annual volume). The amount of water discharge from the soil profile of grasslands was found to be sig-nificantly related to the rate of crop yield, which is determined by utilization (meadow, pasture, sward of 8-15 cm height) or rate of nitrogen fertilization used. By increasing the amount of water used during evapotranspiration by grasses, the higher yield contributes to reduced amounts of water discharged from the soil pro-file.
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Water reservoir on the Radomka River was built in 2001 year. From the 2001 to 2008 year there were carried out measurements of water levels in 16 wells near water reservoir.It was found, that water levels in the wells were correlated with water levels in water reservoir. At higher levels of water in the water reservoir there were also higher levels of water in the wells. The highest levels of water in the wells were in the spring season and afterwards systematically decreased till winter season. The water levels in the wells were always higher than in the water reservoir. Only the 2001 year was different, because then the reservoir was not filled completely. Higher levels of water were a result of depression curve. The higher levels of water in wells indicate the advantageous influence of water reservoir Domaniów on the terrain humidity in neighborhood, thus affecting the vegetation development.
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The paper presents results of shallow landslides research located in Siary near Gorlice in June of 2010. In the frame of investigations were done in-situ tests including evaluation of geologic- engineering condition near the landslides and laboratory tests including determination of geotechnical properties of soils (grain-size distribution, Atterbergs' limits, shear strength parameters). The main part of paper included analysis of infiltration process and its influence on stability of slope. There were used two methods describing water flow through unsaturated soil: piston model of Lumb and Montrasio-Valentino model. Tests and slope stability analysis results proved that main factor controlling failure of analyzed parts of slope were very intense rainfall, which caused saturation of superficial slope layer built of gravelly silt. The another factor which contributed to saturation were impermeable soil layer of cohesive soil. Integrated infiltration and slope stability calculation results using Montrasio-Valentino model revealed its sensitivity on K parameter, which describes drainage capability of soil. It was indicated that K parameter can be interpreted as function of coefficient of permeability. Slope stability calculations made using Montrasio-Valentino model in analyzed case gave less values of stability factors than the ones based of infiltration calculations using piston flow model.
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