The Białka stream is a tributary to the Biała river with a basin area of 31.4 km2. In its upper course the catchment is situated on the south-eastern slopes of the Beskid Śląski Mountains. The research was conducted was to compute the area of the Białka river upper catchment limited by a planned dam. The area computations were conducted automatically by GPS device (GARMIN GPS map 76S) from the recorded trace which proceeded along the catchment boundaries. The catchemnt boundaries were marked by the watershed line passing through the highest peaks in this region: Szyndzielnia (1023 m a.s.l.). Klimczok (1117.0 m a.s.l) and Magura (1115.0 m a.sl) and the site of the planned retention reservoir. The conducted measurements comprised the surface leveling of the catchment fragment. The measurement was made using GPS technology for determining location points, whereas the altitudes of points were determined by GPSmap 76S built-in altimeter. The digital barometrical altimeter was calibrated each time prior to measurements to known points of the base line. The points were recorded automatically with time interval of every 10 seconds, whereas the characteristic points were recoded using MARK functions and a description was added. The data was elaborated initially using Trip ...
The project presents a new concept of developing geodetic control and measurement networks on the basis of a double option solution which employs ASG-EUPOS active geodetic network. The concerned network has been established in the area affected by mining activities, within the territory of the city of Jastrzębie Zdrój. Points were distributed over the distance of 7070 m and formed a typical linear network. The proposed concept of measurement and observation development options made it possible to obtain average accuracy of the coordinates after levelling at 4,2 - 4,9 mm (option one) and 1,2 - 1,5 mm (the alternative option of the solution). Apart from the high accuracy of coordinate tracing, the proposed concept of setting up geodetic networks also offers another important advantage: a practical ability to get networked via the ASG-EUPOS network which is available on common basis and free of charge for the daily measurement activities.
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The project presents a new concept of developing geodetic control and measurement networks on the basis of a double option solution which employs ASG-EUPOS active geodetic network. The concerned network has been established in the area affected by mining activities, within the territory of the city of Jastrzębie Zdrój. Points were distributed over the distance of 7070 m and formed a typical linear network. The proposed concept of measurement and observation development options made it possible to obtain average accuracy of the coordinates after levelling at 4,2 - 4,9 mm (option one) and 1,2 - 1,5 mm (the alternative option of the solution). Apart from the high accuracy of coordinate tracing, the proposed concept of setting up geodetic networks also offers another important advantage: a practical ability to get networked via the ASG-EUPOS network which is available on common basis and free of charge for the daily measurement activities.
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The article presents the methodology and manner of conducting bathymet-ric measurements carried out to calculate hydrological and bridge construction projects. Sample test field studies were conducted, inter alia, on rivers and inland reservoirs. The work included the elaboration of cross-sections of the river valley within the limits of the levees. The research methodology assumed integration of GNSS, bathymetry systems and in special cases the Total Station instruments. The paper presents examples of the results obtained during the research work at one of the southern Polish rivers.
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In recent years there rapidly developed advanced control systems. Their development has a huge influence on the maintenance of geodetic sites. The comparison of control systems allows you to specify changes to support geodesy. In many cases, the development of control systems will limit the range of typical geodetic works, however, there are new areas of activity in the sphere of geodetic adjustment, coordination and control of the digital terrain model of the project to digitize and progress of works.Technological advance in the world is inevitable and permanent. The role and place of the profession of surveyors in this rapidly changing world will de-pend largely on the ability to adapt and incorporate the changes taking place in the field of professional work.The article presents the issue of the use of manual surveying sites on the background of different control systems.
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Analysing the results of determining x, y coordinates of a single point posi-tion by GPS hand held receiver leads to find out a systematic component. It exists for different types of receivers, in different provinces, in different reference systems. Elimination of this bias from the set of observations makes it possible to diminish true values of errors of determination of point location.There are some other different sources of errors in determination of point location: number of satellites in view, quality of their geometry (PDOP), using EGNOS system, multipath errors and also observation time at the station.Researching the latter error it was found out, that reliable results are opta-inable after 2 minutes since the observation started.
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Determining differences in the measurement of agricultural parcels was a purpose of the work with reference to the base on base method. The geodetic measurement was accepted as a point of reference for other methods. Examinations were performed in 4 households, on 43 agricultural parcels for which the average area was 1.21 ha. For better depicting the analysis of the results departments were divided, under the account size of the area, the shape and the membership in belongings. The biggest divergences were observed during the measurement with method the GPS III (manual commercial receiver), next with analytical method what can be caused by rounding calculations of every top at complicated outlines of agricultural parcels. Conducted analysis of the results portraying 2 methods which are rational and they are accomplishing assuming the measuring error, automatic method - the vectorization and the measurement with technical receiver GPS with the outside aerial.
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The purpose of this study was measuring geographic coordinates using GPS manual device for specific economic activities of Raciechowice commune in order to make their spatial catalogue. The results of these measurements were transferred directly to the topographic map of scale 1:10000, and the company attributes (owner, type of activity, location, house number) are described in the table placed in this work. The data obtained here allow to assign each company in Raciechowice commune precised location. This allows us to create a database and map with companies placed on it. The database gives us opportunity to find specific company, locate it on map and check information about the company.
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Dynamics of changes in the Polish agriculture was undoubtedly affected the most by Poland's accession to the European Union. During the first years of the membership the EU agricultural policy based mainly on supporting economic development of agricultural farms in the new member states. After the introduction of Rural Development Policy (RDP) for the years 2007-2013, greater emphasis was put on the natural environment protection, rural development but also on the measures for farm support. The amount of money allocated to this objective in-creased but simultaneously the regulations concerning the requirements a farmer must fulfil to get the payment were tightened. Yearly changeability of cropping structure and acreage causes numerous troubles for farmers who apply for direct payments but also to farms implementing modernization projects because they have to makes yearly reporting concerning cropping structure for ARMA. At present, in order to obtain regional, national or EU subventions agricul-tural holding should submit annual reports of its agricultural activity. The paper suggests the use of GIS techniques to conduct spatial registration of agricultural parcels included in the crop rotation of the farm production. The created database will facilitate an analysis of agricultural farm production providing the information necessary for reporting required ...
Out of all the people who visit Polish forests, not even one would fail to no-tice the trash, so often hidden here and there between the trees. Nature 2000 area is not free of it either. Is is essential to define how much and what kind of litter is in these forests. Operations where carried on in 2010 on the grounds of the Ostrów Mazowiecka community forests in order to determine the trash location and its amount. Data gathered thanks to the GPS techniques where inserted into the GIS system. This greatly helped in carrying out spatial analysis of the phenomenon under investigation. ...
The paper presents results of test measurements conducted with the use of a manual receiver of GPS (Global Positioning System) signals adjusted to the reception of EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) cor-rection signal which is theoretically to cover Europe and southern part of Africa with its range. However, it is known that Central and Eastern Europe lies on the border of EGNOS range and some parts of Poland have limited access to signals from this system. Test measurements were conducted on selected stationary points with the use of the receiver produced by Garmin GPSMAP 62s, equipped with MAZO GPS active outdoor aerial. During the measurements, spatial coordinates, their reliability, number of satellites received, time of measurement, accessibility of EGNOS signals were registered. Results of the conducted tests indicate broad possibilities of using manual receivers in measurements mainly for the needs of spatial measurement systems but not only. Yet the reliability of results depends on many factors and on keeping a specific measurement regime. ...
The execution of tasks in the range of rural landscape protection and sha-ping, space management and planning requires relevant geographic information. At present, this information is collected in all kinds of databases and the key questions concern their topicality and usefulness. DGPS (Differential GPS) and RTK (Real Time Kinematic) satellite posi-tioning techniques are used for geodetic works and for collecting geo-spatial data for GIS systems. This paper presents the evaluation of the usefulness of the selected Mobile Mapper Topcon GMS-2 satellite receiver for the construction of databases for street furniture objects (shrines, roadside crosses, monuments, commemorative plaques, etc.). Research measurements were conducted in the right of way of national road no. 79 in the Kraków - Sandomierz section. It has been demonstrated in the paper that the applied DGPS technique allows for field location of objects in real time with the accuracy up to 1m. The result is the creation of the database of geographic data of the measured objects in Quantum GIS programme. The presented methodology has confirmed high usefulness of the proposed solution with the relatively low costs of measurement equipment. ...
