Fifty research tasks are conducted within 2008 - 2014 Multi-Year Pro-gramme. One of them (2.2) is: Optimization of irrigation of fruit crops in Poland considering weather condition and soil water resources in major fruit production regions. The aim of this task is to develop internet service of irrigation recom-mendations and to develop and implement with the use of Internet simple methods of water requirement calculation for fruit crops. The test version of the service was launched in 2012. The web address of the service, which is located on a server belonging to Research Institute of Horticulture is: http://www.nawadnianie.inhort.pl. It is also possible to access the service from the main web site of the Institute: http://www.inhort.pl using "Serwis Nawodnieniowy" link. The web service contains current and historical meteorological data measured by several weather stations belonging to the Institute. Climatic water balance is also calculated. The web also contains glossary and scientific literature on irrigation and water management. Software applications for calculation of plant water needs and irrigation rates are important elements of the service. Using these calculators it is possible to determine evapotranspiration and plant water requirements computed with the use of measured weather parameters. They are designated for users who ...
The aim of the research was an evaluation the impact of sprinkling irrigation, nitrogen fertilization as well as an interaction of the two factors on yield and malting quality of grain of two malting barley varieties‘Mauritia' and ‘Marthe'. A field experiment was conducted during the growing seasons in years 2010-2011 on sandy soil with dense subsoil in the Research Centre of University of Technology and Life Science - Mochełek nearby Bydgoszcz. This is an area in Poland of the highest average precipitation shortages and the needs of use the supplemental irrigation in terms of the climate criterion. On such type of soil, the irrigation had an interventionist role which is typical for the climatic conditions in Poland. It complemented periodic shortages of precipitation during the increased water needs of barley. Research hypothesis assumed that the use of irrigation in the technology of barley cultivation will increase and stabilize yields of grain and contribute to the acquisition of raw material that meets the criteria of brewing, regardless of the agricultural droughts occurring in a growing season. It was also assumed that, in terms of irrigation it would be possible to use higher doses of fertilizer than in conventional ...
The aim of the study was the estimation of six mixtures for renovation of pastures located on the soils of V and VI quality class under differentiated nitrogen fertilization. The experiment was carried out in the farm specializing in breeding Limousin beef cattle in the years 2008-2012. The most important factor verifying the suitability of mixtures has proved the botanical stability and the resistance to weed infestation of plant communities created by these mixtures. These features were guaranteed by the multispecies mixtures of cocksfoot, but turned out to be completely unreliable in case of mixture with dominance of tall fescue. Cocksfoot was the most dynamic species of the communities of pasture. This species was increasing its percentage in the subsequent years of utilization, effectively reducing their weed infestation. Valuable component of mixtures has also proved the perennial ryegrass which was persisting in significant quantities during the four years. Its significant share in mixtures without cocksfoot grass turned out to be far less competitive with respect to the developing dicotyledonous weed species. Also the amount of cocksfoot negatively affect the development of perennial ryegrass, especially at higher levels of nitrogen fertilization. The dose of 120 kg of nitrogen, used together ...
Two field experiments were strict founded in 2004-2006 on a farm in Chlebówek. Locality is 20 km from Stargard and 5 km north-east of the village commune old oak wood - 53027'N and 15010'E. In the experiments, the effect of irrigation, tillage system and fertilization on yield and selected parameters of the physical properties of the soil. We tested two varieties of faba bean: The conducted experiments show that the use of irrigation and increasing doses of mineral fertilizers increases the yield of faba bean seeds of both varieties, traditional - 'Nadwiślański 'and modified -'Titus'. The use of simplifications tillage reduces, to a greater extent, yielding traditional varieties of faba bean. Increased mineral fertilizers under field irrigation increased water consumption, and thus decreased the supply layer to 50 cm. Improving water logging top soils decreased soil bulk density in a variation of 'Nadwiślański' and increased the variety 'Titus'. The use of simplified tillage systems, especially direct sowing, increases the bulk density of the upper layers of the soil. ...
The field experiment was carried out in 2004-2006 in Chlebówko localized 20 km from Stargard Szczeciński and 5 km north-east from Stara Dąbrowa commune - 53°27'N and 15°10'E. The area is elevated 62-72 m above mean se level (ASL). The influence of irrigation, tillage system, and NPK mineral nutrition on weed infestation of faba bean variety ‘Titus' with determined development rate, was evaluated. The weed infestation degree in the faba bean plantation depended on moisture conditions, fertilization rates, and tillage system. Irrigation increased the number, fresh weight, and dry matter of weeds, respectively by 92%, 130%, and 138%. Likewise, increasing nutrition elevated values of these parameters by 46%, 80%, and 95%. The tillage simplifications enhanced the weed population, particularly on irrigated and fertilized objects. Irrigation, mineral nutrition, and simplified tillage caused compensation of spring, winter and perennial weed species on plantation of faba bean ‘Titus'. Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, and Polygonum convolvulus predominated on studied plots. ...
The effects of bacterial and fungal inocula on the growth, yielding, and nutritional status of apple trees was evaluated in 3-years experiment (2018 - 2020). The experiment included the following treatments: (i) control (unfertilized soil), (ii) no fertilization + soil application of fungi, (iii) no fertilization + soil application of bacteria. The mixture of beneficial fungi contained two species: Aspergillus niger and Purpureocillium lilacinum. The mixture of beneficial bacteria contained three strains of Bacillus (Bacillus sp., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Paenibacillus polymyxa). The application of beneficial microorganisms (especially bacterial strains) to the soil (without additional mineral fertilization) enhanced the growth of the apple trees. In the third year of the study (2020), the trees grown in the plots inoculated with bacteria bloomed the most intensively. Plant nutritional status (expressed as concentrations of elements in leaves) was not affected by the application of the bacterial strains or filamentous fungi. The stronger growth of trees in the plots where the bacteria were used was likely related not so much to the nutritional status of the trees, but to the mitigation of the influence of the negative factors that cause the replant disease. ...
