Variability of precipitation, evaporation and resulting of them climatic water balance influences particulary in the growing season on yield and quality of crops. Detailed values of these elements concerning particular years, months and even decades are necessary for determining terms and standards of irrigation, the best use of water resources of soil, studies in water-power engineering and for water supply. Based on collected material concerning precipitation, air humidity deficiency and mean wind velocity the values of climatic water balance were calculated. For determination of evaporation the Schmuck’s formula was used. Values of climatic water balance were determined as the difference between precipitation and calculated evaporation. The investigations were carried out in monthly system for warm season (IV–IX) and 20-year period summer season (1981–2000), analysing measurements data from 16 meteorological stations situated uniformly on the area of Poland. Obtained results were presented graphically, on climatic maps of the climatic water balance and its components, precipitation and evaporation. Analysis of climatic water balance in investigated period shows that highest water deficiency occurred respectively in August, July and May, and the lowest one in September, when in east part of the country the positive values were observed. The scope of water deficiency in ...
In 1997 the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling (ICM), University of Warsaw launched the Internet weather service which delivers numerical weather forecasts for individual consumers and has become a basis for several weather-related scientific projects. The project "Op-erational decision-making based on atmospheric conditions" (PROZA) (started in September 2009) utilizes data obtained from weather service provided by ICM. The Research Institute of Horticulture is one of the partners in the project. The institute participates in task 3 of the project: "Application of numerical weather forecasts in forestry and fruit farming". In the frame of this task, an Internet platform for forecasting of spring frosts and fruit crop water needs was developed. https://prognozy.projekt-proza.pl/. A user (after logging in) has access to the following information (forecast is prepared for 3 days): ETo, precipitation, climatic water balance and water requirements of major fruit crops. Data on amount of (easily) available water in root zone are also available. The information provided by the service make controlling of irrigation easier and thus improve agricultural water use efficiency. The estimation of forecasting quality showed that the accuracy of forecast was high proving its practical value for fruit growers. ...
