Irrigation requirements of forest nurseries localized on a sandy soil in the years 2000-2009 in vicinities of Bydgoszcz, Chojnice and Toruń, are compared in the paper. It was found that the water use of the soil layer with controlled moisture calculated for the whole vegetation period (April-September) was the highest in the vicinity of Toruń (524 mm), the lower - in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz (504 mm), and the lowest - in the vicinity of Chojnice (498 mm). The highest monthly water use for evapotranspiration was found in July. This index was the highest for Toruń (126 mm), the lower - for Bydgoszcz (121 mm), and the lowest for Chojnice (116 mm). Seasonal irrigation needs of a forest nursery was the lowest in vicinity of Chojnice (116 mm), the higher in the vicinity of Toruń (170 mm), and the highest in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz (183 mm). The highest monthly irrigation needs - on average for ten years studied - were occurred in June and the lowest - in September. But, these needs were characterized by the very big variability in particular years. In case of uniform rainfall distribution in a particular month, no needs of irrigation would be ...
The paper describes the first attempts at the sprinkler irrigation of plants in Poland which took place in the Kujawy and Wielkopolska Region more than a hundred years ago - at the early 20th century. The first original sprinkler irrigation machine was designed and the used by Mr Władysław Szczepkowski. The sprinkler irrigation machine he constructed in 1911, after earlier a few year trials (at Łęg, the Śrem county, the Poznań Province) was the first sprinkler irrigation machine built at such a large scale in Europe. The system developed by Szczepkowski found many followers in Germany, France, England and the USA. Szczepkowski's sprinkler irrigation machine became a prototype for many later designs, e.g. the irrigation machines applied today rolled sprinkling pipelines. ...
The aim of the paper was the comparison of sour cherry-tree water requirements in the regions of Bydgoszcz and Wrocław in 1976-2015. The sour cherry-tree water requirements were determined for each year on the basis of air temperature in the period April - August for light soils, medium soils and heavy soils. The sour cherry-tree water requirements in the period April - August in the region of Wrocław were higher than those in the Bydgoszcz region. The sour cherry-tree water requirements in the Bydgoszcz region amounted 253 mm on the heavy soils, 316 mm on the medium soils and 379 mm on the light soils. The sour cherry-tree water requirements in the Wrocław region amounted 261 mm, 326 mm and 391 mm, respectively. From among five months, July was characterized by the highest water requirements. The water requirements in July in the Bydgoszcz region amounted 65 mm on the heavy soils, 82 mm on the medium soils and 98 mm on the light soils. The water requirements in July in the Wrocław region were higher and amounted 67 mm, 84 mm and 101 mm, respectively. In the vegetation period (IV-VIII), the significant tendency to increase the water requirements of sour ...
