In recent years, a significant surge in the mass of generated waste with varying morphological composition has been observed. Packaging made of both plastic and paper has an increasing share in the municipal solid waste stream. The multiplicity of packaging means that proper methods and installations are needed to appropriately manage the waste generated from it. A special type of packaging waste is made of paper and cardboard and it is considered as biodegradable waste. It can be processed in both mechanical (material) and biological treatment processes. Thanks to the microorganisms involved in biological treatment processes, the organic matter present in waste should be decomposed (biodegradable).The main aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of the biodegradation process of selected packaging waste made of paper and cardboard in various research environments. The waste used for the analysis differed primarily in grammage. The dynamics of the decomposition rate of the examined waste was analyzed for materials placed in 4 different research environments. The analysis showed significant differences in the rate of biodegradation of the tested waste. Differences were also found in the rate of material decomposition in individual research environments. Materials with low grammage such as paper towels and ...
Despite the introduction of a common and uniform system of fees for the collection and management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) throughout Poland, new illegal waste dumping sites continue to be created in areas not designated for this pur-pose. The main aim of the work was focused on determine the material composition of the waste deposited (and found) on these wild dumping sites in the Trzebinia commune, as well as to conduct a spatial inventory of these locations. The aim was ac-complished through the use of a specialized questionnaire. In to-tal, 21 illegal dumpling sites were identified, despite the fact that the Municipal Waste Selective Collection Point (PSZOK) is available in the commune. The majority of these illegal landfills were found in areas covered with trees (30.8%) and bushes (42.3%). None of the illegal landfills contained more than 1 Mg of MSW. The average weight of waste deposited in illegal land-fills was 98.5 kg per site. The largest proportion of waste found at these illegal sites consisted of demolition and construction waste, such as rubble (34.3%) as well as plastic waste (32.9%). The share of rubble and construction waste increased with dis-tance from buildings. Only four of the twenty-one illegal ...
