The aim of the paper was to examine the methods of disposal and management of selected packaging waste used by the residents of Wadowice County. Packaging, based on its function, can be made of different materials, which may make its correct segregation more difficult. This may influence the way the consumer manages of packaging waste. The study was carried out in 5 rural municipalities in Wadowice County in the period of 2015- 2017. The scope of the study included different types of packaging: plastic, metal, paper and cardboard, glass, wood and multi-material. An anonymous survey was the research tool employed in the study. The paper showed a correlation between people interested in getting back a deposit for returnable glass packaging and actions taken in the scope of waste segregation. ...
The work analyzed the functioning of the existing logistics system in the field of packaging waste management in the urban-rural commune of Wadowice. The analysis was carried out taking into account the efficiency of the planning, execution and monitoring processes of the packaging waste stream. In order to collect the material for research, mainly the available documentation in the resources of territorial self-government units, interviews carried out in logistic enterprises involved in the waste collection and transport system from the surveyed area and interviews conducted with the inhabitants of the commune (waste producers) were based. The research was carried out in 2013-2016. The results of the tests were tabulated, presented graphically and basic statistical measures were calculated. The obtained results allowed to evaluate the logistic processes carried out in the aspect of packaging waste management in the studied commune. The selective collection points of municipal waste were mainly collected in multi-material packaging waste, plastic packaging and mixed packaging. The percentage of packaging recovered by organized occasional collections was negligible. ...
The work assessed the quality of services in the field of collection of waste in the urban-rural commune of Wadowice. The research was carried out in 2013-2015. The form of a questionnaire survey was adopted as a research tool. The method used to measure the quality of SERVQUAL services (service quality) defines the discrepancy between the consumer's expectations and the perception of the product. The assumption of this method is to express the quality of services as the difference between the service expected by the client (expected quality) and the service received (purchased quality). The result of the analysis allowed for the assessment of the quality of services provided in the field of collection of waste in the studied commune and the selection of the preferred enterprise by the residents of the Wadowice commune in the aspect of waste collection. Residents of the Wadowice commune show higher expectations as regards the service of receiving municipal waste from their property. They attach great importance to the reliability of the company providing this service. ...
Renewable energy sources have been amongst crucial elements of the European Union policy for a long time. Currently, they have become significant in terms of possibilities of the technology development, whichmay limit the effects and duration of the economic, energy and climatic crisis. The Directive 2009/28/EC obliges the increase of the share of Renewable Energy Sources in the final energy consumption up to 20% (inPoland up to 15%) by 2020. Sewage sludge is waste that significantly affects the aspects of environment. The research considered the rationality of using the waste for the production of biomethane. The purpose of the work was to determine the dynamics of biogas production from sewage sludge of municipal origin. Its scope included a review of the literature based on the Polish and European law. Issues of technology, production and use of biogas and residue were presented. The research was based on determining the properties of sewage sludge - raw and after stabilization, and carrying out a fermentation process for a period of 30 days. The validity of using sewage sludge as substrate for biogas production was confirmed. ...
