In the climatic conditions of Poland the temporary lack of rainfall during the vegetation season, influenced on the water deficits in the top soil level. This situation can effect on the height and quality of yields in particular years. There is estimated that in the - so called - Large Valleys Region the water deficiency ranged 200-300 mm. Production of cucurbit's vegetables in open field is strictly connected with thermal-rainfall conditions during the vegetation season. The optimal soil moisture is the very important factor for high and good quality yield. So, the production of the cucurbit plants should be connected with the irrigation installations. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of drip irrigation in cultivation of summer squash ‘Danka' under light soil conditions. The trials were conducted in the years 2004 - 2006 at the experimental field in Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz - on a soil of rye weak complex. The plot area for harvest was 9,1 m2. The irrigation rates were done on the base of soil water potential according to tensiometer indications. The irrigation was started when the soil water tension was - 0,04 MPa. The fruits of the summer ...
A field experiment carried out in two vegetation seasons in the years 2010 and 2011 on a very light soil at Kruszyn Krajeński, in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz, Poland. Investigation of the influence of drip irrigation on some growth parameters of 2-year-old cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) were done. The cup plants were cultivated from the micropropagation seedlings. The experiment was performed as one factorial in 4 replications. The main factor of the experiment was irrigation performed with following variants: O- without irrigation (control plots), D- with drip irrigation. Drip irrigation was scheduled according to tensiometers indications. Irrigation significantly increase the height of the plants, the length and number of internode, the thickness of the stalk,. Irrigation also increased the fresh weight of the shoots, and the number of the leaves. ...
Asparagus infection with numerous pathogens very often decreases yield of spears. Efficient protection of asparagus plantation can be very difficult and sometimes even unavailable due to lack of effective plant protection agents to control of some pathogens. The choose of cultivar and field before the establishment of plantation are crucial in such cases. Irrigation has also a very considerable impact on asparagus yielding. It can influenced the diseases development too. The aim of the research was to evaluate the susceptibility of microirrigated, three German asparagus cultivars to the plants infection by pathogens.The field experiment was settled in 1998 at KruszynKrajenski near Bydgoszcz on a sandy soil. The first factor was microirrigation used in variants: W1 - non-irrigated plots (control), W2 - drip-irrigated plots, W3 - microsprinkler-irrigated plots. Irrigation doses were adequate for amount and distribution of rain-precipitation and were found out by tensiometers, too. They amounted to 195 and 113 mm for micro-sprinkler and drip irrigation, respectively. The second factor were three German cultivars of asparagus: ‘Ap', ‘Gr' and ‘SchwetzigerMeisterschuss', grown for blanched spears. Plant healthiness observations were carried out in the first 4 harvest years (2000-2004). Occurrence of root and stem rot (Fusariumoxysporumf.sp. asparagi, F. culmorum), asparagus rust ...
The aim of the study was to compare the water requirements and the precipitation deficiencies during cultivation of asparagus in the period from June to August in the regions of Bydgoszcz and Wroclaw. The water needs were calculated using the plant coefficient. The reference evapotranspiration was measured by Grabarczyk's method (1976). The coefficients kc, determined for the Polish conditions by Rolbiecki (2013), were used to estimate the water requirements considered as the crop evapotranspiration. In the studied period (from June to August, 1996-2015), higher water requirements of asparagus were noted in the Wroclaw region (366.1 mm) than in the Bydgoszcz region (288.5 mm). The monthly water needs in June, July and August were 69.8 mm, 128.8 mm and 167.5 mm, respectively, in the Wroclaw region, and 55.5 mm, 98.5 mm and 134.5 mm, respectively, in the Bydgoszcz region. In July, the tendency to increase the water requirements in both observed regions was noted. The monthly crop evapotranspiration in July rose in each decade by 12.3 mm in the Bydgoszcz region and by 21.2 mm in the Wroclaw region. In the 20-year study, the rainfall deficit in June and July during 11-13 years was noted. In August, the precipitation deficiencies were ...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the growth dynamic of Scots pine on the post arable ground under mulch in the third year of cultivation. Planting were carried out on the basis of post arable ground located in the Agro and Hydrometeorology Observatory of the University of Life Sciences in Wrocław. Scots pine plants in the third year of cultivation increased in height from 68.8 cm to 102.5 cm, ie. by 33.7 cm about 49%. The growth rate of pine was the highest in the first part of the growing season (until June 10), when the plant height increased by 30 cm, accounting for about 90% of the total, the annual increment in height. The second biometric parameters studied - the diameter of the trunk - increased in the third year of growing pine from 28.0 mm to 39.9 mm (about 11. 9 mm, ie. about 42%). The growth rate as a trunk diameter was different from that recorded in the case of plant height, because in the first part of the growing pine, wherein the largest increase its height, stem diameter increased by only 29% of the annual growth (ie. about 3.4 mm). ...
The aim of the research has been to determine the effect of the inoculum (forest litter containing living edaphon mixed with peat) on selected plant growth parameters of white birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings growing with a covered root system, the mycorrhizal status as well as the abundance of the Acari in the root clump. The research was performed in 2013 at the container nursery of Bielawy (53°01'37.3"N 18°42'55.3"E), in the Forest Inspectorate of Dobrzejewice. The experiment started on May 10, seedlings were growing in containers placed on steel pallets in 2 treatments: C -control, L - 10% of additive of inoculate shredded pine forest litter. Seedlings of white birch cultivated in the treatment with addition of litter were significantly higher than those from control treatment. There were no significant differences between the diameter and the fresh mass of the the seedlings in the two treatments. The percentage of vital mycorrhizae increased slightly in the treatment with the addition of litter. The proportion of non-vital mycorrhizas was lower in the control treatment. Our results indicate that forest litter might improve environmental conditions rather by changing moisture-temperature relationships than by changing the availability ...
This study examined the effect of fertilisation with compost prepared from hygienised sludge with an addition of pine-tree bark and mulching with fresh forest ectohumus on selected growth parameters in two- and three-year seedlings of common beech and the occurrence of mites (Acari) in soil. The experiment was carried out in 2009-2010 in the Białe Błota forest nursery (Bydgoszcz Forest District) on proper rusty soil. The entire area of the experiment was irrigated with a stationary sprinkler. The beech seedlings on the plots where compost had been used as fertiliser were significantly taller than those growing on the plots where mineral fertilisers had been applied. Mulching increased the height of the seedlings significantly only in the last, third year of the study. The tallest three-year-old seedlings were found on the plots in which both of the tested procedures had been carried out. Neither of the factors under study had a significant effect on the diameter of the root neck in the second year of the nursery cultivation, but they increased it significantly in the third year. Fertilisation with compost with an addition of pine-tree bark increased the number of leaves per plant and the leaf area in two- and three-year-old ...
This study examined the effect of fertilisation with compost prepared from hygienised sludge with an addition of pine-tree bark and mulching with fresh forest ectohumus on selected growth parameters for two- and three-year-old Scots pine trees and on the incidence of mites (Acari) in the soil. The experiment was carried out in 2009-2010 in the Białe Błota forest nursery (Bydgoszcz Forest District) on proper rusty soil. The entire area of the experiment was irrigated with a stationary sprinkler.Organic fertilisation with compost prepared from hygienised sludge with an addition of pine-tree bark resulted in a significant increase in the plant height and the diameter of the root neck in two-year-old pine trees. The effect of mulching on these parameters was not significant. The synergistic effect of the factors on the plant height and the diameter of the root neck was not significant. Organic fertilisation significantly increased the height of 3-year-old pine trees, whereas it did not have a significant effect on the root neck diameter. Mulching increased the plant height significantly, but no statistical effect on the diameter of the root neck was demonstrated. Although no significant interaction of either experimental factors in their effect on the plant height and the ...
The aim of the study was to estimate the variability of biometric parameters in the second year of cultivation of Scots pine on the post arable ground. Planting were carried out on the basis of post arable ground located in the Faculty Agro and Hydrometeorology Observatory of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences. Scots pine plants in the second year of cultivation increased in height from 43.1 cm to 53.39 cm, 10,29 cm, i.e. 24 % ie. The growth rate of pine was the highest in the first part of the growing season (until June 14), when the plant height increased by 7.69 cm, accounting for about 75% of the total, the annual increment in height. The second biometric parameters studied - the diameter of the trunk - increased in the second year of growing pine from 13.16 mm to 23.36 mm (by 10. 2 mm, ie. about 77 %). ...
The aim of the the research was to confirm the need for irrigation as the main yielding treatment in corn production on a very light soil with permeable subsoil in the area of distinct water deficits, and determining the effectiveness of nitrogen fertigation, compared with broadcast application method. Accurate field experiment was carried out in 2008-2010 on the experimental field of the Department of Land Reclamation and Agrometeorology of the University of Science and Technology in Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz. During the study period occurred large irrigation needs in corn production, due to insufficient and uneven distribution of rainfall in the particular growing seasons. Seasonal irrigation dose averaged 194 mm.Obtained results showed that the cultivation of corn for grain in the area of distinct water deficits is purposeful only under the irrigation conditions. For non-irrigated variants the yield of dry matter of grain was only 0.87t.ha-1 and did not exceed in any year of the research the level of 1.0 t.ha-1. Under irrigation corn yielded on average 6.55 t of grain dry matter from 1 ha. A worth recommending irrigation system in corn production for grain is dripping system, in which effect of production per unit was higher than effects ...
