Investments regarding the implementation of transmission facilities run linearly through a series of parcels of land, occupying a part of these properties - in many cases, they run underground or above it. Their location is determined by economic and social needs. Transmission facilities do not constitute elements of a real property if they are part of a company.One of the conditions for obtaining a permit for the construction of these facilities by the entrepreneur is holding a transmission right to the land which was provided for the designed network.The paper presents an analysis of the forms and methods of obtaining a title to the property for the purpose of the implementation of an investment in the scope of transmission facilities. The conducted research confirmed that today the most commonly used are two basic legal forms allowing the use of other people's property in order to run transmission facilities. One of them is transmission easement, introduced into the Civil Code in 2008. The second way is to limit the use of the real estate through administrative and legal proceedings, which is a special case of expropriation, and thus may relate only to public investments.Surveying and legal documentation, necessary to establish transmission ...
The manner of use of the land let into perpetual usufruct is specified not only the by the legal provisions or the principles of social coexistence, but also by an agreement or a decision conferring this right. If letting land for perpetual usufruct is aimed at erecting building structures or other equipment, the agreement should also specify the date of the commencement and the completion of the works.The State Treasury and local government units are required to control the manner of use of the real estate let into perpetual usufruct, and to take appropriate action in the case the real property is used in the manner inconsistent with this agreement or decision. The main issue is to determine the intended purpose of perpetual usufruct, which is difficult in practice, especially in the cases where perpetual usufruct was not established by way of an agreement, but by enfranchisement decisions issued in the years 1990-1997.The aim of the study is to analyze the effects of change in the manner of use of real estate by perpetual user. These issues, in practice, raise numerous doubts about the rules of proper conduct as well as the consequences for perpetual users. The emerging interpretation ambiguities ...
Perpetual usufruct is a right in rem, which is intermediate between the ownership right and limited property rights. Land owned by the State Treasury or local government units may be subject to perpetual usufruct. The very institution of perpetual usufruct has been arousing much controversy lately. The focus is both on the right itself, as well as on the possibility of it being converted into ownership title, and even there are voices postulating the elimination of this right.The issues of transformation of the right of perpetual usufruct into ownership title is currently governed by the regulation of 29 July 2005 on the transformation of the perpetual usufruct right into the ownership title to real estate (Journal of Laws of 2012, item 83). The original content of this act, although covered in just ten articles, was formulated imprecisely, giving rise to extensive case law in this respect. The article examines the successive amendments to the aforementioned Act, pointing to significant changes regarding the subjects and objects of the restructuring proceedings, the authorities conducting the proceedings, as well as appeal bodies and the ways and rules for determining fees for the transformation of the perpetual usufruct into the ownership title. The last ...
