The article presents an assessment of the effectiveness of municipal wastewater treatment using sand filters of vertical flow with granular activated carbon. Research of organic compounds, nitrogen compounds and total suspension removal were performed under increasing hydraulic loading rates.It was found that the treatment of domestic sewage in a multi-layer sand filter with granular activated carbon ensured the quality of the filtrate for hydraulic loading rates 43 mm∙d-1 and 88 mm∙d-1. Due to the changing conditions within the layers observed large fluctuations reduce the effectiveness of BOD5 (6- 99% ), ChZTCr (31 - 90% ) and total suspension (55 -95%).Tthe effectiveness of removing organic compounds, nitrogen compounds and total suspension was determined. It was shown that the single-layer granular activated carbon filter was adequate to establish in the interior of the optimal conditions for the development of both heterotrophic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. For 3 month cycle mean effectiveness of BOD5, CODCr and total suspension was respectively 98%, 97% and 87%. ...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of precipitation, which were observed in Nowy Sącz, on the variability of quantitative wastewater inflowing into the treatment plant Wielopole in the years 2008-2014. An analysis of the data from the multi-year was presented as a time series. The next a method for spectral Fourier smoothing operation using a Hamming window was using. The 56 % relationship between the amount of precipitation and the daily flow of sewage was after decomposition. This means that variability of the flow to the treatment plant Wielopole can be explained by the amount of precipitation in 204 days for annual period. ...
The aim of the paper was to determine the possibility of the use of Shewhart control charts to monitor changes in the forms of nitrogen, showing the quality of wastewater discharged from the wastewater treatment plant in Krosno in the years 2010-2015. The performed statistical analysis showed the highest number of cases of elevated nitrate nitrogen and/or ammonium nitrogen when the temperature of treated wastewater was below 8-9°C. This low temperature resulted in adverse effect on the activity of bacteria that were involved in biological removal of nitrogen. It was found that in the winter months, the second stage of nitrifying bacteria responsible for oxidation of nitrite to nitrate, exhibited higher activity than the denitrifying bacteria. Graphical presentation of total nitrogen content using control charts for the mean of the process revealed the exceedance of the upper specification line (USL = 10 mgNtot·dm-3) in the months from December to April. It was observed that the total nitrogen removal process in the months from June to November was stable with a very high 90% reduction in biogenic activity. The obtained results confirm the efficacy of control charts as a tool which can easily be applied in the statistical process control of ...
The paper presents an analysis of sewage susceptibility to biodegradation on an example of sewage treatment plant in Wodzisław Śląski in the Śląskie province. For this purpose, dependencies between selected indices of domestic sewage pollution were applied. Descriptive statistics of the respective indices rations COD/BOD5, BOD5/TN, BOD5/TP were presented. Moreover, an analysis was conducted on the composition of raw sewage flowing into the treatment plant, pre-treated sewage and sewage leaving the studied treatment plant. The analysis was carried out on the basis of three basic indices of sewage pollution (BOD5, COD and total suspended solids) and two biogenic indices (total nitrogen and total phosphorus). Tests on the sewage composition were conducted in the years 2010-2015. Basic descriptive statistics were compiled for the values of the studied indices of sewage pollution and the obtained results were interpreted. On the basis of collected material it may be said that sewage reaching the treatment plant in Wodzisław Śląski revealed a good susceptibility to biodegradation, whereas the BOD5/TN and BOD5/TP ratios were below the optimum value. ...
The paper presents the assessment of the operation of a sewage treatment plant in Haczów before and after its modernization. The analysis of results was conducted based on data data for the period from January 2011 to March 2015. The paper describes the process line of the studied object and the qualitative assessment of treated sewage based on three basic sewage contamination indicators: BOD5, CODCr and total suspended solids. Moreover, the amount of sewage flowing into the treatment plant over the period of four consecutive years was analyzed. The operation of the sewage treatment plant was assessed for two periods, i.e. before and after its modernization. The conducted analysis showed a significant improvement in the quality of treated sewage after the modernization of the treatment plant. After the modernization, the mean value of the BOD5 indicator in the treated sewage was 8,4 mgO2.dm-3 and was more than seven times lower than in the period prior to modernization. Similar situation was observed for CODCr as its mean value for treated sewage after the modernization was 61,7 mgO2.dm-3 while before the modernization it was 227,9 mgO2.dm-3. A significantly lower value of the mean total suspended solids concentration was also observed in treated ...
The aim of this study was to determine of influence of atmospheric precipitations in flow to sewer system on temperature and the amount of raw sewage flowing into the sewage treatment plant. Studies carried out in the sewer system with a length of 15 km and a diameter of from 200 to 315 mm. Were chosen two characteristics winter study periods. The first period was from 01 to 31 January 2011 year and the second period was from 01 to 29 February 2012 year. The analysis found that as a result of accidental water inflow (rain water) occurred lowering the temperature of the influent wastewater to the treatment plant from 2.1 to 2.2 °C. Water flowing random (rainy water) is defined as the share of accidental waters in the total volume of waste water treatment plants result in an increased volume of sewage from 37.5 to 40.0%. To prevent negative phenomena which are reducing the temperature of plants and their increased volume as a result of the entry of rain water drains should be taken to detect and elimination of illegal connections residential gutters and sealed sewer system. ...
The paper analyzes the variability of sewage inflow to a treatment plant in Dębica. For this purpose, the following basic descriptive statistics of the sewage inflow to the treatment plant were determined: mean value (Qdm), median (Mo), minimum value (Qdmin), maximum value (Qdmax), standard deviation (), coefficient of variation (Vzm), range (Ro). Histogram of a number of sewage inflows to the treatment plant for the specified observation intervals was determined. Detailed diurnal raw sewage inflows to the treatment plant in Dębica were summarized for the period of 2009-2015 compared to the limit value specified by the water-legal permit and the to the mean value. Mean diurnal sewage flow values for individual months from the period of 2009-2015 were also summarized. Mean diurnal sewage flows in individual years of the studied period, as well as mean diurnal sewage flow values in each day of the week were compared. Moreover, runoff data were obtained from the Tarnów station (the nearest rainfall station to the studied facility) and on this basis mean values of diurnal precipitation for individual months in the period of 2009-2015 were determined. Subsequently, the days of the study period were divided into 7 major groups based on the amount ...
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the percentage of sewage from septic tanks to the variability of pollutant concentrations in the mixture of sewage undergoing treatment process in the collective sewage treatment plant. The study involved measuring the daily amount of wastewater influent and from septic tanks and determined the percentage of the amount of sewage from septic tanks in relation to the total wastewater being purified. During the 5-year study collected and analyzed 20 samples of sewage, which were made markings indicators: BOD5, COD and total suspension. After the statistical analysis, it was found that with the increase of the share of sewage from septic tanks by 1% increased the value of BOD5 14.6 mgO2•dm-3, increases the value of COD 40.2 mgO2•dm-3 and increases the concentration of total suspension of 21,4 mg•dm-3 in the total mixture of the waste water being purified. ...
