The existing technical and social infrastructure greatly affects the quality of life of inhabitants and the development of rural areas. This development is hin-dered mainly by a shortage of funds. Following Poland's accession to the Euro-pean Union, the chances of acquiring funds have increased. The main beneficiar-ies include the poorest and most poorly developed communes. The aim of this paper is to show the development of technical and social infrastructure in rural communities such as: Gietrzwałd, Stawiguda, Dywity, Jonkowo and Purda after Polish accession to the European Union. The focus is on infrastructure networks, water, sewage, the types and number of educational institutions, as well as the types and number of sports and recreation. Also examinedsource of funding for ongoing investment in the division's own resources, derived from national and European Union. According to the research, it is not always dependent on the funds acquired from foreign sources. ...
The article deals with a topic related to an attempt to identify existing ha-zards in rural areas. The term "rural areas" has different definitions. For the purpose of the article were taken into consideration, which indicates that these areas are outside the administrative boundaries of cities. The article uses the me-thod of analysis of the literature and individual depth interviews, which helped identify the types of activities and effects on the environment, landscape and cultural heritage. Speaking about the risks in rural areas, with a focus on such activities as agriculture, water management, forestry, industrial activities and services, transport, building, tourism and recreation and activities caused by extreme weather. Most of the adverse consequences can be seen in the case of agriculture. This does not mean that these actions have the greatest effect on the environment of landscape. Risks commonly occurring are eutrophication, depletion of the rural landscape, redacting plant and animal species susceptible, soil degradation, and habitat. Presented in the article list of threats is open, because considering the problem on a local, you can see their individual character. ...
The article attempts to develop a methodology for the study of environmental hazards due to the existence in rural areas so-called "pesticide burial area" - the places of storage of obsolete pesticides. Pesticides are a problem in all countries around the world. The largest dumpsites of this type of waste are situated in Eastern Europe, which also includes Poland. The problem in Poland has existed since 1965. All burials require disposal because obsolete pesticides threaten the environment. The proposed methodology addresses the key characteristics and location of the object, which favor the spread of pollutants in the environment. Based on the matrix constructed features localization is possible to estimate the hazard categories. The study was carried out in the Warmia and Mazury, where are 17 object on toxic waste disposal. Recognizes four categories of threats and unclassified objects. The study found that the study area there are also 2 and 3 risk categories. The most threatening features of this location as: placement in ground hole, distance from watercourses, source of drinking water (especially municipal), distance from housing about 100 m, time position in the soil for over 30 years and lack of continuous monitoring of environmental receptors. Identification of the ...
Small farms are all over the world, and their number is estimated about 85% of all households. The purpose of this paper is to determine the definition of a small farm. The article examines the domestic and foreign literature to determine the definition of a small farm. It was also the number of small farms in Poland, according to the adopted criteria and benefits of the occurrence of these farms. The study used the method of analysis of the literature and analysis was performed using statistical data from the Central Statistical Office. On the basis of the literature concluded that currently there is no one comprehensive definition of a small farm. ...
Rural areas account for a large part of the surface of the Polish. These areas are home to almost 39% of the population. In Poland, rural areas for many reasons often developed much more slowly than urban. They are largely neglected. This situation has improved significantly after the Polish accession to the EU and raising funds for the development of agriculture. These actions caused the rural areas began to grow much faster. Their structure has been corrected. This document presents a comparative analysis showing the changes that have occurred in these areas in Poland, Austria and the Czech Republic. The article also made reflections on the essence of the concept of rural areas. In the paper the method of logical analysis and narrative based on Polish and foreign literature. ...
