This work brings a phytosociological characteristics of meadows located in the Śliwice commune (central part of the Tuchola Pinewood complex). Phyto-coenoses of green lands located there constitute a kind of enclaves between cropped forests and arable lands on infertile, sandy soils. Phytosociologically, they belong mainly to Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, and also to: Phragmitetea, Koel-erio Glaucae-Corynephoretea Canescentis and Scheuzerio-Caricetea. They rep-resent mainly communities characteristic of wet meadows, although their precise classification is difficult because of a high level of flora alteration. Expansion of low-value species, like Holcus lanatus, Antoxanthum odoratum and Deshamsia caespitosa, was observed. Conditions for protection under the 4th Agro-environmental Package (“Protection of endangered bird species and natural habitats”) are fulfilled mainly by rush communities from Filipendulion ulmariae and Calthion palustris alliances. ...
The transition into an intensive management in meadows has brought about essential transformations in its vegetation and a destruction of many peatland and swamp ecosystems. Once frequent communities decreased their area, disappeared or got transformed into others. In the structure of meadow phytocenoses in the Tuchola Pinewoods, still around the mid 20th century there were often noted e.g. a well-preserved community of Angelico-Cirsietum oleracei, whereas now in the region one observes mostly its different degenerated forms and rich floristic patches covering inconsiderable areas. Based on contemporary relevés as well as the 1970s flora records made in the valley of the Golionka River in the Tuchola Pinewoods a record of the phytocenoses found in those two periods of phytocenoses were broken down into. At present in the phytocenosis structure there dominate the phytocenoses representing class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea in a form of 8 associations or communities, which occur in total in almost 60% of the areas analysed. About 20% is covered by reed beds (Magnocaricion). The other part is made up of phytocenoses representing classes Atremisietea vulgaris, Koelerio glaucae-Corynephoretea canescentis and Trifolio-Geranietea. It is a typical phytocenosis structure of extensively used meadows on dewatered peats. A large group of plant communities show ...
The Tuchola Pinewoods are mostly big areas of tree plantings. Around the village here there exist, however, fragments of open landscape. For a long time there have been observed, as part of them, changes in land use involving mostly the afforestation of successive areas. In the long run it can lead to radical landscape changes.The paper has tracked down the directions and the intensity of changes in the area coverage within the Śliwice glade in the Tuchola Pinewoods over the last 136 years (1874, 1985 and 2010). There has been also determined the susceptibility to changes in the use of various agricultural land: arable land and meadows. The changes in the coverage of the area involve mostly an increase in the share of wooded areas. The process affected mostly set-aside fields, while a definite majority of meadows have been still used. A decrease in the acreage of fields and meadows, as compared with the initial state, accounted for 56% and 17%, respectively, however meadows have started 'to shrink' recently; like fields, both before and after 1985. The areas transformed undergo fragmentation, which can lead to the disappearance of open landscape.In the area analysed mostly fields got fragmented. The initially existing ...
In the Tuchola Pinewoods, one of the regions with a high forestation rate, the agricultural function is also performed. Most non-woodland areas are covered by arable fields, frequently also set-aside land. The existing meadows the phytocoenoses from the alliance Calthion are mostly developing here. Another meadow type, including fresh meadows, are sporadic. To demonstrate their phytosociological structure in the Tuchola Pinewoods, 512 phytosociological relevés, taken in 2006-2017, in non-woodland habitats of the area: in meadows, set-aside land and roadsides, were analyzed. More than half of the material analyzed were the records made from meadows, about 30% from set-aside land, and the others - from roadsides.From the entire pool, only in 63 relevés the phytocoenoses related to fresh meadows were identified, however, a vast majority was situated on roadsides. The material analyzed facilitates determining 11 syntaxa in a form of plant associations and communities. Those are mostly various forms of the association Arrhenatheretum elatioris, the community Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra, and the community Festuca rubra. The cross-section of phytocoenoses of the alliance Arrhenatherion, distinguished for the area, supplement the commonly grass-dominated community with Dactylis glomerata, with Antoxanthum odoratum and with Holcus lanatus. A special attention must be paid to, commonly considered to ...
