The article contains results of an investigation about nitrogen compounds in water of fish ponds fertilized with biologically treated municipal sewage. The object was fish ponds of “Komorowice” complex, which are located in north part of Bielsko-Biała city. Two ponds were chosen to investigation: Green and Stone, which are characterized with an individual inflow and outflow of water and dif-ferent technical parameters. Green pond is a shallow pond with an average depth about 1m, its surface about 4,2 ha, and a water capacity – 42 000 m3. Instead Stone pond is characterized with a smaller surface – 3,3 ha and is almost two times deeper then Green pond, its average depth about 1,7m, which gives water capacity 59 200 m3. Researches were conducted in vegetative season in 2007. In paper were qualify changes of total, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and Kjeldahl nitrogen concentration. During of whole investigative season were ob-served lower against to biologically treated sewage values of analyzed nitrogen form in water outflow of ponds. During that time were observed that occurrence changes in concentration of analyzed nitrogen compounds in pond’s water were related with changes of its concentration in sewage, which fertilized ponds. Addi-tionally, were calculate basic statistical parameters ...
The article contains results of an investigation on contents of oxygen de-mand in fish ponds water fertilized with biologically treated municipal sewage. Additionally, during collection of water samples there were also analyzed water reaction and pond’s water temperature. Researches were carry on in vegetative season in 2006. The object of research was fish pods of Komorowice complex, which are located in North part of Bielsko-Biała. The chosen ponds: Green and Stone are characterized with individual inflow and outflow of water. The chose ponds are characterized with different technical parameters. Green pond is shallow one – its average depth is about 1 m, with area of 4,2 ha, which give water capacity of pond 42 000 m3. In turn Stone pond have smaller area – 3,3 ha, but is almost two times deeper then Green; its average depth is about 1,7 m which also give greater water capacity of pond: 59 200 m3. In paper were qualified changes of oxygen demand, temperature and water reaction in pond’s water. Additionally, were qualified basic statistical parameters of analyzed indi-cators: an average, minimum, maximum value, standard deviation and interval. Analyses made in ponds showed, that in 2006 vegetative season contents of oxygen demand ...
Plural number of small and uncontrolled catchments tends to find methods, which allow describing water resources. In case of catchments, in which there is no hydrological information some indirect methods are used: analytical which are loaded of big error, or lately increasingly popular mathematical models.The aim of the paper was to describe maximum flows with probability of exceed: 0,5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 50% in uncontrolled catchment of Sielski Potok, with use of conceptual Wackerman's model and NRCS composite unit hydrograph, for two level of catchment's moisture.The results show differences in maximum flow values. In case of Wackerman's model the typical flood hydrograph for mountainous river were got, but in NRCS-UH, the flood hydrograph does not fully give mountainous character of Sielski Potok river. In both methods with probability increase, the values of maxi-mum flows decreased. ...
In the paper an analysis of sewage management in Baranów Sandomierski commune, locateg in north part of Podkarpackie province was made. The mean efficiency of waork of two sewage treatment plants, located in Baranów San-domierski and Dąbrowica was defined. It was noted, that both treatment plants eliminate pollutions satisfactorily in accordance with current regulations of law. Quality of water of Babulówka river, in section located upstream and below of sewage outflow was characterized. It shows, that quality of water was significantly improved in section located below of sewage outflow in case of BOD5, total phos-phorus and ammonia nitrogen. On the basis of municipal sewage management in the commune a few variants of improvement of sewer system were proposed. In Wola Baranowska build of sewer system with length of 15 km and two collective vegetal and pond treatment plants were taken into consideration. In case of areas with detached buildings individual sewage treatment plants were proposed. ...
In article sensitivity analysis of NRCS-UH model on changes of entrance parameters were made. Influence of precipitation hietogram shape, CN parameter and lag time on changes of Qmax1% flows in uncontrolled catchment were studied. Izwór stream catchment were chosen to analysis. It is typical mountainous and forest catchment - 86% of its surface is covered by forest. All calculation were made with use of HEC-HMS 3.4 program. In NRCS UH model, catchment have been divided into particular catchments, for which a weighted average of CN parameter and also lag time have been evaluated. These parameters were an entrance parameters for further calculations. Influence of changes of parameters size and results got from model were established by changing their size about 10% in comparison to exit values and then simulations were executed. There were assumed that parameters in model will be modify till ±50% of entrance values. Calculations showed that HRCS UH model is most sensible on changes of precipitation hietogram shape and CN parameter, which characterized the retention of catchment. In turn, modify of lag time does not influence in fact on change of maximum flow values.
...
This article shows analyzes the possibility of reducing the 1% frequency flood wave with use of dry storage reservoirs. Analyses were carried out in the Serafa catchment, where due to a very high degree of sealing creates a risk of flooding for residents, which showed even the flood of May 2010. The increase in the degree of sealing due to faster response to the rainfall catchment area and, consequently, higher peak flows. An alternative to increase the degree of sealing the catchment are measures to improve water retention. One such method is the construction of dry storage reservoirs. In this article was analyzing the work of these variants reservoirs - in the first scenario assumed a reservoir on the Serafa river, in the second - two dry reservoirs, one on the outlet in Malinówka tributary and second - as in variant I. The capacity of the reservoirs resulted from the anal-ysis of topographic maps and digital terrain model and the small retention program for the Malopolska Voivodeship. All calculations were carried out in the HEC-HMS. In the case of the analyzed catchment was the most preferred variant II. Calculations showed that this variant is possible to reduce the maximum ...
The possibility of enlargement of the flood safety of drained terrains of locality Zarzecze using the storage reservoir, accumulating the excess of flood waters was introduced in the work. The worked out conception of the chapter of waters from the ditch R to the pumping station channel was also presented. The lock of the valves of embankment sluices leading the waters of the ditch R to the Vistula river follows in flood conditions, by increasing the level of the water in to the Vistula river. It comes to the outflowing of water from ditch R and submergence of the terrains of the settlement Łączany-Zarzeczein the consequence of the permanent supply of water to ditch R and damming up of water in ditch in the result of the lock of the embankment sluice. In the order to attain o reduce the risk of submergence of these terrains the creation of the storage reservoir from the pumping station channel was proposed. This channel leading water to pumping station Zarzecze. Capacity of storage reservoir and the time of filling up were qualified, founding steady the supply about flow intensity equal to 2,13 m3 ∙ s-1. It was statement that the current technical condition ...
In the article, analysis coefficient of reduction of annual maximum flows for San, Wisłok and Wisłoka catchments was made. Basis of executed analysis was data about annual maximum flows from years 1984-2009 got from IMGW PIB in Warsaw. Data were verified in view of its homogeneity and then, values of maximum flows with probability of exceed were calculated, based on Pearson III type distribution with use maximum likelihood method of parameters calculation. Values of coefficient of reduction of maximum flows were calculated with use following methods: segment values, correlation and dimensionless charts. Analysis showed, that values of coefficient of reduction of maximum flows were statistically significant depending on used method (the highest values were got for method of outliers values). Value of coefficient of reduction depends on the probability of flows -increases with probability increasing. In practical hydrologic calculation, in analyzed area, coefficient of reduction of maximum flow calculated with use method of segment values should be used, also it should not be taken values of n coefficient amounting 2/3 given by Dębski.
...
The aim of the paper was to study an initial evaluation of flood risk of Dłubnia river catchment, on section from its sources to Zesławice reservoir. The aim was realized basis on calculations of flows with probability of exceedance in eight cross-sections on Dłubnia river and its inflows. In these cross-sections a group of authors is planning installation of automatic water stage stations. In two of them in autumn of 2014, there were already installed devices for automatic water stage measurement. In all cross-sections, basis on made geodesic measurements, the maximum capacity was made, which was then compared with values of flow with probability of exceedance. Got results were basis to study an initial evaluation of flood risk in Dłubnia river catchment. It was shown, that flows with probability of exceedance equal 20% are not within in the stream channel and its inflows, what signalizes a flood risk. ...
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the percentage of sewage from septic tanks to the variability of pollutant concentrations in the mixture of sewage undergoing treatment process in the collective sewage treatment plant. The study involved measuring the daily amount of wastewater influent and from septic tanks and determined the percentage of the amount of sewage from septic tanks in relation to the total wastewater being purified. During the 5-year study collected and analyzed 20 samples of sewage, which were made markings indicators: BOD5, COD and total suspension. After the statistical analysis, it was found that with the increase of the share of sewage from septic tanks by 1% increased the value of BOD5 14.6 mgO2•dm-3, increases the value of COD 40.2 mgO2•dm-3 and increases the concentration of total suspension of 21,4 mg•dm-3 in the total mixture of the waste water being purified. ...
The paper analyzes the variability of sewage inflow to a treatment plant in Dębica. For this purpose, the following basic descriptive statistics of the sewage inflow to the treatment plant were determined: mean value (Qdm), median (Mo), minimum value (Qdmin), maximum value (Qdmax), standard deviation (), coefficient of variation (Vzm), range (Ro). Histogram of a number of sewage inflows to the treatment plant for the specified observation intervals was determined. Detailed diurnal raw sewage inflows to the treatment plant in Dębica were summarized for the period of 2009-2015 compared to the limit value specified by the water-legal permit and the to the mean value. Mean diurnal sewage flow values for individual months from the period of 2009-2015 were also summarized. Mean diurnal sewage flows in individual years of the studied period, as well as mean diurnal sewage flow values in each day of the week were compared. Moreover, runoff data were obtained from the Tarnów station (the nearest rainfall station to the studied facility) and on this basis mean values of diurnal precipitation for individual months in the period of 2009-2015 were determined. Subsequently, the days of the study period were divided into 7 major groups based on the amount ...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of precipitation, which were observed in Nowy Sącz, on the variability of quantitative wastewater inflowing into the treatment plant Wielopole in the years 2008-2014. An analysis of the data from the multi-year was presented as a time series. The next a method for spectral Fourier smoothing operation using a Hamming window was using. The 56 % relationship between the amount of precipitation and the daily flow of sewage was after decomposition. This means that variability of the flow to the treatment plant Wielopole can be explained by the amount of precipitation in 204 days for annual period. ...
