Forest surfaces, under which the exploitation of the hard bituminous coal takes place with “the infarction of the ceiling" method are the object of this work. The scope of research includes the surface of 6.2 square km of Zacisze and Ksiazenice forestries at the Forestry Commission Rybnik, located in the Mining Area of the Szczyglowice and Knurów coal mines. The applied way of extracting coal causes settling of the mountain base and transformations of forest surfaces. They manifest themselves mainly: with different deformations of the surface, development of hollows, inundated areas, as well as with changes in the natural-woody environment. The changes which are taking place are seriously curbing the possibilities of leading rational forest management on these areas. There is a most urgent need of creating a comprehensive way of redeveloping forests located in the mining areas. The plan of forest redevelopment will be based on the present and future changes of forest surfaces occurring under the influence of coal exploitation. This work shows methodology and research findings of forest surface transformations located in the zone of post exploitation descent of Szczygłowice and Knurów coal mines. Areas of intense transformations of forest surfaces were also outlined until the year ...
Forests in Jaworzyna complex belong to particularly precious for the sake of protection and economy. They are also basic element of cleading round the Krynica health resort, which is crucial for mineral water protection and microclimate in this region. In the last 10 years this natural landscape has been changed in large degree, because of construction of sports objects complex, mainly ski tours.Placing large amount of cubic and linear objects, which are for artificial for forest environment, caused many problems with forest management in the Ja-worzyna forest district. This especially goes for making forest available for com-munication in this region. Expanded ski trails net in evident way makes collision with forest roads net and constant skidding roads. In effect, significant part of complex are inaccessible in time and technical manners.Doing economic activity on Jaworzyna area, especially in winter time, has become very difficult or even dangerous. In the study there will be presented characteristic of existing conditions for forest management unit on Jaworzyna after ski trails construction and directions of actions for solution of conflict situations. ...
Development of projects of skid trails in mountainous areas is an important economic action, directing a number of factors from different fields of forestry - silviculture, management, protection of soils, hydrology, engineering, economics, ergonomics, forest utilization, timber transport and safety. Such a project should take into account the conditions in a particular area of transport, namely: the mode of forest management, technological processes harvesting and transportation of wood, terrain, hydrological relations, types of ground, economy and security solutions applied. The specific design solution should also take into consideration: creating optimal conditions for natural forest regeneration, soil protection against water erosion and the formation of forests close to natural.Subject of the elaboration is technical and economic factors formative skid trail network in the mountainous forested areas. The aim is to discuss methodical technical and economic conditions affecting the skid trail network parameters in the design of these networks.The study contains a brief overview of the indications for the design of skid trails in the mountains arising from the knowledge from different disciplines of forestry, contained in novelised by the Administration of the State Forests and research centers of industry manuals and from their own experience the authors of the article. ...
At the work a topicality of the methodology of designing forest road networks in mountain areas is being analysed. Adapting individual stages of the design and detailed procedures of the current system of functioning of forest districts in Poland is being discussed, also needs of modern forestry and contemporary design possibilities and the form of initial materials. Using analyses in current studies and processing are being underlined with the GIS processing of data included in the LMN standard. The stage of stocktaking and the location of new roads in net is using well new opportunities of these analyses. The inconsistency of procedures in the stage of determining the optimum density of the road network because of the kind and contents of some-currently available-initial data is being pointed. The stage of the economic appraisal of the planned solution also requires updates because of economic facts change, assumed in analysis of estimated arrangements, as well as using inappropriate sizes incurred costs. The method in its current shape is not used in all, and only some procedures are being involved in thematic studies. New arrangements of criteria of making tree stands available and an indexation of at least some functions ...
