At the present time once can easily noticed very lively discussion about introducing modern, ecological friendly hydraulic structures in river training works which are suppose to stay up to the standards given by hydrobiologists, ecologists as well as fluvial geomorphologists. One of the proposals of such structures is a rapid hydraulic structure (RHS) with increased roughness. Along the presented paper such structure is presented. It was constructed within the river channel of the Sanoczek Stream in the Bieszczady Mountains, a part of Polish Carpathians. One of the main problems connected with changes of stability of hydraulic structures (in that case also with RHS) is velocity of running water causing huge turbulence and shear stresses. Thus, the objective of the following paper is to present the distribution of velocities values along the RHS and within the region of its influence. The main aim of the research was to describe conditions upstream and downstream of the structure and compare them in terms of stability of the RHS. Parallel with the main aim, the distribution of shear stresses as well as shear velocities along the RHS apron and the region within its influence are also presented. The work was conducted in Agricultural University ...
The article presents effectiveness of sewage pollutants’ reduction in Sewage Treatment Plant „KUJAWY”. Treatment plant “KUJAWY” is meant to neutralise living sewage from Nowa Huta quarter for Krakow city. Capacity of the treatment plant is 80 000 m3*d-1. The research was carried out in the period from 01.04.2006 to 31.03.2007. Results’ analysis was performed on the basis of raw and treated sewage concentration. Three pollutants’ indexes from the basic group were analysed: BOD5, CODCr and total suspended solids and two indexes from the eutrophic group: general nitrogen and general phosphorus. Basing on the results’ analysis, mean effectiveness of BOD5 reduction was defined on the level of 98,5%, CODCr – 96,0%, total suspended solids– 98,2%, general nitrogen– 73,7% and general phosphorus – 91,4%. ...
In study presented of results research physico-chemical sewage in years 2002– 2004 in sewage treatment plant type SBR in place Sterkowiec-Zajazie in province małopolska. The Treatment plant started in 2001 year and expensed of 3,7 million PLN. Design of capacity in treatment plant is Q=600 m3∙d-1, however in during of research to treatment plant in flu about 150 m3∙d-1. About 8% sewer was drive tanker car with cesspool. Research concern to count size reduction in percent selects indexes pollution for example: BOD5, COD, total suspension witch primary group and ammonia nitrogen and total phosphates witch eutrophic group. Middle of value BOD5 in sewage raw was 401,1 mgO2∙dm-3, however in clean sewer was 15,23 mgO2∙dm-3. Middle of value COD in sewage raw was 660,74 mgO2∙dm-3, however in clean sewer was 75,43 mgO2∙dm-3. Middle of value total suspension in sewage raw was 207,51 mg∙dm-3, however in clean sewer was 22,17 mg∙dm-3. Middle of value ammonia nitrogen in sewage raw was 161,34 mgNNH4∙dm-3, however in clean sewer was 3,84 mgNNH4∙dm-3. For total phosphates middle of value in raw sewer was 19,71 mgP∙dm-3, and in clean sewer 4,67 mgP∙dm-3. Reduction of indexes with primary group and eutrophic group was high. Middle for BOD5 was ...
The article presents evaluation of effectiveness of sewage treatment by the Tarnow Group Sewage Treatment Plant. On the basis of the results of raw and treated sewage physico-chemical analyses, the effectiveness of decreasing the cho-sen sewage pollutants was evaluated. The following pollutants’ indexes were tested: BOD5, COD, total suspended solids, general nitrogen and general phosphorus. The research period was from January 2006 until November 2007. The paper presents the amount of transgressions of each index in relation to the admissible values from the water-law permission. Basing on the performed analy-sis the following effectiveness of the pollutants’ removal was evaluated: BOD 98,9%, COD 92,9%, total suspended solids 95,1%, general nitrogen 91,3%, gen-eral phosphorus 87,4%. The tested sewage treatment plant may be certified to op-erate in high quality and the sewage treated by this plant doesn’t threaten the col-lector of the treated sewage. ...
The work aimed at the assessment of working of a household sewage treat-ment plant based on a horizontal flow sand filter.Physicochemical analyses of chosen pollution indexes (BZT5, ChZTCr, total suspension, total phosphorus) were carried out and compared with currently in force values of these indexes according to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 24th July 2006. On this basis the operation of the sewage treat-ment plant was assessed. Raw, initially treated and treated sewage samples were taken from December 2008 to March 2009. Physicochemical analysis was carried out in the Laboratory of the Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Man-agement of the University of Agriculture in Kraków. The gathered results of tests and their analysis conducted in the paper showed the proper working of the household sewage treatment plant.
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