EVALUATION OF THE GROUNDWATER LEVELS AND SALINITY IN IRRIGABLE AREAS USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)

Efforts on the management of water resources, especially irrigation and drainage, in arid-semiarid areas are extremely important for the sustainability of irrigated agriculture. Groundwater level should be constantly monitored and kept at the desired level in the project which is achieve the expected benefits from investments made for this goal. The research was done in right bank irrigation area which is located in Southeast Turkey, Suruc Plain in 2017. The spatial and temporal fluctuations of the groundwater table depth and groundwater salinity were measured in the course of five-month-periods; from July to October. The results of depth (m) and salinity (µmhos cm-1) of the groundwater observation wells were mapped using geographical information system (GIS). The results showed that groundwater was not found in many observation wells, while groundwater depth reached to a critical threshold level (<1 m) in wells with water from the mid-irrigation period (July) to the end (September and October). The groundwater depths were determined 0.0%, 0.34% for <1 m (risk for field crops cultivation) in July and August during maximum applied water for irrigation and was fluctuated between 68.35% and 96.81% for >2 m (risk free for drainage) from July to October in the study area. The ...