The study aimed at finding a relationship between the content of cadmium in the soil material and in the above ground parts of plants taken from the areas of the municipality of Trzebinia. Research areas were designated in areas degraded by mining and processing industries, which are now fallows. The total content of cadmium in soil and plant samples as well as soil factors such as organic matter content, granulometric composition, pH and electrolytic conductivity were marked in laboratory analyzes. The concentration of the element in the soils of the municipality exceeded the national regulations for agricultural land (Journal of Laws 2002). Similarly, the metal content in plants is higher than the acceptable standards for animal feed as stated in Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development (2012a). The results indicate a positive relationship between the content of cadmium in the soil at the level of 0-20 cm and its concentration in the above ground parts of plants of fallow lands of the Trzebinia municipality. ...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the species composition in the fallow lands in areas heavily degraded by the mining and processing industries. The research was conducted in the western part of the Małopolska province in the municipality of Trzebinia. The layer C of phytocenosis that is the green layer was analyzed by specifying its all plant species and by approximately estimating vegetation cover according to the modified Braun-Blanquet scale. 212 species of vascular plants were found in the research areas. Species typical of fallow lands and ruderal areas i.e. giant goldenrod, couch grass and bush grass are the dominant species in the study areas. Among the species found in the study areas the species typical of fresh meadows such as false oat-grass, goosegrass and sorrel as well as thermophilic species such as crownvetch, greater knapweed or cypress spurge appear with great frequency. ...
The paper verified the hypothesis of the existence of the correlation between the content of zinc in soils and plants in the municipality of Trzebinia that is in the area which is highly degraded as a result of long term activity of mining and processing of local raw materials. In order to achieve the above, the total metal content in plant and soil material as well as the selected physicochemical properties of soil such as pH, electrolytic conductivity, organic matter content and granulometric composition were determined. 664 soil material samples and 332 plant material samples were collected in years 2010-2012 from 83 research plots located in fallow lands of the town of Trzebinia and in 10 village councils of the municipality. The results obtained of zinc content do not confirm the correlation between soil and plant. The disclosed concentration of the element is in line with indications of permitted levels of metal content in plants proposed by IUNG, which allows the use of plant material as animal feed. The mean content of zinc in the soils of the municipality is higher than the permitted level of national regulations. The claim that the soil of the municipality is contaminated with ...
The aim of the article was to determine the content of heavy metals (lead) in soils and plants in areas heavily degraded by mining and processing industries. The study was con-ducted in the area of the municipality of Trzebinia, in the western part of the Małopolska province. Altogether 83 research areas were designated (one area of 25 m2) from which the plant material and soil samples were taken from the levels of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. The analysis of soil material was based on the determination of granulometric composition of the soil with the use of the Casagrande method modified by Prószyński [according to the industry standard (BN-78/9180-11), soil reaction in 1M KCl and in water with the use of the potenti-ometric method, electrolytic conductivity of the soil with the use of the conductometric meth-od, content of organic matter in soil by its annealing using the modified Tiurin method, the total Pb content in the soil using the FAA method. The analysis of plant material was based on the determination of the total content of Pb in plants using the atomic absorption spec-trometry. It was found that the mean lead content in the soil for the municipality exceeded the ...
The activity of steel and chemical industries, fertilizers and the development of transport mean that heavy metals (copper) in toxic quantities directly affect the condition of soil and natural ecosystems occurring in nature. The study concerned aimed at the assess-ment of the copper content in the soil samples and plant material from the area of the mu-nicipality of Trzebinia where the problem of the presence of toxic heavy metals in soils is long-term and is the result of anthropogenic human impact on the environment. 83 research areas were designated from which the plant material and soil samples were taken from the levels of 0-20 cm and of 20-40 cm. The copper content in the soil was determined by apply-ing the FAA Method.Additionally, in the soil samples the following were marked: granulometric compo-sition, soil reaction in 1M KCl and in water, electrolytic conductivity and organic matter content. The content of the aforementioned element in the plant material was evaluated by applying the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The conducted research did not reveal any copper contamination of the soil in the municipality of Trzebinia (Journal of Laws 2002). The plant material did not exceed any IUNG standards of ...
The main purpose of the paper was to determine the influence of catchment management on the bottom sediments quality of small water reservoirs as well as to determine toxic metal content in rushes. Samples of bottom sediments were collected in winter 2013 year, form 4 sediment layers (0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm) at three points along the body of water. The 48 samples were collected. Soil material was prepared according to the procedures used in soil science, the analysis was performed for the fraction with a particle diameter of less than 1 mm. Plant samples from single species aggregations were randomly cut from 5 to 10 locations of 20-50 m2 area. From these samples the average composite sample was prepared. The total content of such elements as Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (using the Thermo Scientific iCE 3000 series spectrometer) after prior digestion in the mixture (5:1) of concentrated acids HNO3 (65%) and HClO4 (60%). Total Hg content was determined by the AMA 254 analyzer. Between the small water reservoirs adjacent to the areas where organic farming is used, and the reservoirs adjacent to the areas with mineral fertilization ...
The main purpose of this work was to determine the degree of negative impact of heavy metals accumulated in the water sediments to aquatic organisms. Samples of sediments were collected in winter 2013, from 4 layers of sediment (0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm) at three points along the water reservoir. Sediments were prepared for analysis in accordance with the procedures applied in soil science. The analysis was carried out for the fraction with a particle diameter less than 1 mm. The total content of such elements as Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (using the Thermo Scientific iCE 3000 series spectrometer) after digestion in a mixture (5:1) of concentrated acid HNO3 (65 %) and HClO4 (60%). The total Hg content was obtained by using the AMA 254 analyzer. Only the lead content in the analyzed samples of bottom sediments exceeded the contamination value given by polish law (the Regulation of the Minister of Environment). According to the classification of PGI samples of sediments are classified mainly as medium polluted sediments (Class II), with the exception of zinc and lead concentrations (Class III). Due to the value of the indicator ...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the contents of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu in shoots of willow (Salix viminalis L.) cultivated in the vicinity of a coal ash and slag landfill. The landfill is surrounded by arable lands and meadows. There are two major negative influences of the landfill - dusting and flooding. The result of these interactions is the systematic reduction of agricultural value of the land. A field with an area of 9600 m2 were chosen. The land is located east to the landfill. A total of 40 samples of biomass was collected. The contents of analysed elements were determined by FAAS using a Unicam Solaar M6 spectrometer. Distance from the landfill affects the contents of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu in the tested willow shoots. However, there is no single concentration pattern for all the investigated metals. An increase in willow cultivation on the described area can bring a good environmental effect and become an example of proper management of the ash and slag landfill neighbourhood. ...
Common dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg. (T. officinale F.H. Wigg) is a plant species commonly found on urban areas. It is characterised by low habitat requirements and proven bioindication properties. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using T. officinale agg. for monitoring of the urban soils in the City of Kielce with regard to selected heavy metal concentrations, i.e. Pb, Cu and Zn. Twenty-one soil and dandelion samples (roots and leaves) were collected from the area of Kielce. The study areas were designated with regard to land-use types, i.e. industrial areas, urban parks and forests, urban green areas, and urban allotment gardens. The total heavy metal concentrations were determined in the soil and plant material by the ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) method, after mineralisation of the samples in a mixture of HCl-HNO3 (3:1). Moreover, the soil samples were analysed in terms of pH values. The concentrations of heavy metals in the analysed soils were oscillating at: 16.5-290 mg/kg d.m. for Pb; 7.11-41 mg/kg d.m. for Cu; 55.7-338 mg/kg d.m. for Zn In the case of dandelion leaves, the concentration range was recorded at: 1.07-3.11 mg/kg d.m. for Pb; 3.11-14.1 mg/kg d.m. for ...
