The paper presents three necropolises of Podgórze, formerly an independent township, at present the municipal district No. XIII of Krakow. Indicated were elements of cultural material and spiritual heritage of the old and new Podgórze cemeteries and the largest cemetery from the World War II time, for what can be considered the area of Nazi concentration camp KL Płaszów. These cemeteries are a resting place of persons who made a lasting contribution to the history, scientific, cultural and social life of Podgórze. Epitaphs placed on old monuments, which are pieces of sculptural art, provide a source of information about the socio-professional structure and nationalities of Podgórze inhabitants, who became fast polonized. A significant element of the necropolises internal landscape are green area, which in many cases requires a change of composition and certainly better tending measures. ...
This article presents results on social infrastructure of burial character (cemeteries, crematoria) located in the rural areas in Poland taking into account its influence on spatial development and society. To achieve the goal, villages were chosen from each Province where in the years 1989-2019 burial facilities were implemented (36 objects), including: communal cemeteries (22 objects), parish cemeteries (8 objects), crematoria (6 objects). Analysis were carried out in accordance with the top-down principle, taking into account: planning documents, spatial and functional structure, context of burial objects, its location in the relation to the transport infrastructure, other religious facilities, development of buffer and social role. Research shows that the number of communal cemeteries and crematoria in the rural areas increased (which is associated with social acceptance for cremation process in Poland); this also applies to durability of cemetery composition and desacralization of its surrounding. Social infrastructure connected with burial should be an integrated part of rural landscape; that is why recommendations were elaborated. ...
