Summary:

The publication analyzes the changes of soil moisture due to changes in storm rainfall intensity and the process of formation of soil drought. Calculations were performed using a simplified model of transient infiltration - the so-called piston model. It is especially suitable for simulation of soil moisture changes and the process of infiltration to shallow groundwater. On the example of particular soil were presented an analysis of the impact of the duration of precipitation of predetermined daily height on a soil moisture, the volume of surface runoff and groundwater recharge intensity. Based on the results of this analysis are discussed impacts of climate change, manifested by an increase in the frequency of precipitations for a given intensity. The second example shows the calculation of the course of soil moisture changes during the period without precipitation, at the same time taking into account the changes in the intensity of transpiration. This allowed for an assessment of the impact of drought on hygrophilic ecosystems occurring on podzolic soils