Summary:

Presence of mineral waters in different regions of Poland is associated with particular geological structure, which often depends on tectonic conditions. This situation occurs in tectonic trench of Krzeszowice near by Krakow, where on tectonic disturbances of Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks presenting bedrock deposit marine Cenozoic formation date Tertiary-Miocene, contains not only clay but also sulfate and chloride chemical deposits (gypsum, anhydrite and halite). Infiltration, precipitation waters penetration in sedimentary rocks during long-lasting term leaching liable to mineralization become mineral waters of more than 1000 mg/dm³ mineral content. Mineral waters that occurrs in this region, are Miocene sulfate –calcium- magnesium waters flout out in spring “Zdrój Główny” and “Zofia” and taken by wells R-1 and R-2 and also Jurassic-Cretaceous waters chloride - sulfate- sodium waters present in well S-2. Shallow Miocene mineral water is infiltration water with very long circulation period (more than 50 years). Presence in them sulfate, calcium ions and hydrogen sulfide is connected with dissolution processes of Miocene gypsum deposits and with secondary changes that are affected by presence of more reducing conditions of environment. Water from deeper Jurassic-Cretaceous horizon are older than water form shallow Miocene horizon. Mineralization of this water is connected with water admixture ascending affected under the influence of hydrostatic pressure difference from productive Carbon horizon. Generally Miocene intakes discharge ranges from 0,2 to 22,7 m³∙h^-1 however in Jurassic well it is around 0,6 m³∙h^-1.